VOL. 11, NO. 6, MARCH 2016 ISSN 1819-6608 ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences © 2006-2016 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved. www.arpnjournals.com 3796 ENERGY EFFICIENT DESIGN OF LASER DRIVER USING FIELD PROGRAMMING GATE ARRAY Bhagwan Das 1 , M. F. L Abdullah 1 , Mohd Shah Nor Shahida 1 , Qadir Bakhsh 1 and Bishwajeet Pandey 2 1 Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Jaja, Batu Pahat, Malaysia 2 Chitkara University Research and Innovation Network, Punjab, India E-Mail: he130092@siswa.uthm.edu.my ABSTRACT The laser drivers are extremely important to be used to provide safe interface for the optical components attached to the laser. In this paper, energy efficient laser driver circuit is design using field programming gate array (FPGA). The laser driver is first designed using current mode logic (CML) technique, which is widely used for designing the optical components. Then this design is implemented on FPGA using very large scale integration (VLSI). The laser driver produces the energy efficient output using voltage scaling technique in which the core voltage of FPGA virtex-7 board is reduced from 2.2 V (Peak core voltage of FPGA) to 0.5 V (base voltage of FPGA). By reducing core voltage of FPGA virtex-7 from peak to base voltage the power consume by laser drivers is reduced up to 90% for 15 THz frequency. Similarly, for less than 15 THz frequencies the power consumption is also reduced. The main advantage of designing this energy efficient laser driver is that it will control the output of any high frequency semiconductor laser up to 15 THz frequency. This energy efficient design of laser driver will be integrated with high frequency semiconductor laser to produce green optical output for communication systems. Keywords: current mode logic, core voltage of FPGA, voltage scaling technique, laser driver, power reduction, field programming gate array. INTRODUCTION It is quite precarious, when laser is directly interfaced with the optical system ahead. When input operating frequency of laser is increase above 1 GHz, the power consumption is increased drastically. At 20 THz, the power consumption is increased up to 98%. This increase in power may destroy the attached device forever (Belfiore, Szilagyi, Henker, and Ellinger, 2015)]. Laser driver works as interface between laser and additional devices attached to laser. Laser output is very sensitive at high frequency the power of device is increasing drastically and this must be controlled to protect other devices connected to laser using laser driver (Capellini, Wenger, Schroder, and Kozlowski, 2015). When laser frequency is exceeded the power and current of the laser also increased. This increased power may cause the permanent disability to the additional components attached to the laser(Camilotti et al., 2015). Laser driver provides the switching for laser to shield the additional devices attached to laser. The efficient designing of the laser driver only provides the switching when laser output is out bound from ranges. Energy efficient design of laser driver means with the switching it must save the power when laser crosses outbound operating ranges(Eimerl et al., 2014). There are various techniques are available to control the output of power of laser driver such as manually change the input voltage source of laser, provides the bias circuit between laser and additional components and etc. but none of them has potential to provide energy efficient output (Kostamovaara et al., 2015). This is because the laser driver circuit is not saving the power and each time replacing the physical components to produce the laser output is also costly and time wasting and this process is not advisable practically(K. Liu et al., 2014). In this work above, mentioned problems are encountered. This research provides the high frequency switching between laser and additional devices and consume less power when operating at high frequency. Furthermore, the designed is realized using the System on Chip (SoC) configuration on FPGA to avoid the components replacement and saves times to produce the different laser output(Lim, Kong, Kwon, and Lim, 2014). The high frequency switching of 15 THz and between laser and additional components is achieved. Additionally, power consumption is reduced for different high operating frequency of laser(Cundiff, Wahlstrand, Zhang, and Choi, 2014). The current stability and high frequency switching is performed by designing the laser driver circuit for high frequency laser using current mode logic technique. After incorporating the CML based laser driver circuit in FPGA using VLSI, the power consumption is reduced by applying the voltage scaling technique. In FPGA, voltage scaling is performed by changing the core voltage of FPGA viretx-7(Kastensmidt et al., 2014). The complete energy efficient design of laser driver is experimentally demonstrated using FPGA Virtex-7. LITERATURE REVIEW Laser are widely used optical sources due to its exceptional size, spectral region of procedure and high efficiency (Gu et al., 2015) to transmit data over optical fiber. Currently, high frequency operation at low power consumption is in demand (Xu, Gu, Wu, and Chang,