© 2015 Wichtg Publishing
TJ
ISSN 0300-8916
Tumori 2017; 103(6): 551-556
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
nosis (1). Other less common nonendometriod carcinoma
histologies are mucinous and epidermoid cancers.
Nonendometrioid type endometrium carcinomas are rare-
ly seen. Therefore, standard treatment approaches have not
been defned by randomized trials. Moreover, there is no clear
consensus in evidence-based treatment guidelines.
Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for endometrium
cancers but the extent of the surgery difers between the
2 types of endometrium cancers. The need for adjuvant treat-
ment is based on the depth of myometrial invasion, histologic
grade (HG), the presence of lymphovascular space invasion
(LVSI), stage, and lymph node (LN) status. These risk factors
are not fully reliable for nonendometriod carcinomas. Distant
metastasis rates can be high in patents presentng with an
early-stage endometrium cancer. Surgical approaches should
be utlized as in ovarian cancers due to their aggressive be-
havior. Intra-abdominal microscopic foci can be detected at
rates up to 20%-25% in postoperatve evaluatons of stage IA
disease (2).
For early stage (stage I, II) nonendometrioid endometrium
carcinomas, external and/or intracavitary radiotherapy (RT)
DOI: 10.5301/tj.5000404
Evaluaton of unusual and highly aggressive variant of
endometrium cancer: nonendometrioid endometrium
carcinoma of the uterus
Fatma Sert, Ugur Yılmaz, Senem Alanyalı, Arif Aras, Zeynep Ozsaran
Department of Radiaton Oncology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir - Turkey
Introducton
Endometrial cancer, the most common gynecologic malig-
nancy in developed countries, is divided into 2 subtypes: type
1 and type 2. Type 1 endometrium cancer consttutes 80% of
patents and is called endometrioid carcinoma. These tumors
are associated with estrogen hormone and have good prog-
nosis. Type 2 endometrium cancers are composed of poorly
diferentated subtypes like clear cell and serous carcinomas,
independent from estrogen hormone, and have poor prog-
AbSTRACT
Aims: To evaluate the survival and treatment outcomes of patents with nonendometrioid endometrium carci-
noma afer postoperatve radiotherapy.
Methods: The records of 94 patents treated with postoperatve radiotherapy (RT) between January 2005 and
December 2011 were retrospectvely reviewed. Postoperatve RT was delivered with a dose of 45-50.4 Gy with
1.8 Gy daily fractons and brachytherapy was added to external RT for 62 patents with a dose of 3 × 6 Gy. Median
follow-up tme was 35 months (range 6-95 months).
Results: Median age was 63 years (range 43-83 years) and lymph node metastasis (LNM) was positve in 15 (16.0%)
patents. The stage distributon of the patents was as follows: stage I, 58 (61.7%); stage II, 16 (17.0%); stage III, 18
(19.1%); stage IV, 2 (2.2%). Five-year locoregional control (LRC), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival
(OS) rates were 92.3%, 68.2%, and 78.6%, respectvely. In univariable analysis, it was determined that the factors
afectng OS rates were stage (p = 0.003), presence of LNM (p = 0.003), and presence of lymphovascular space
invasion (LVSI) (p = 0.007); factors afectng DFS rates were stage (p = 0.019), presence of LVSI (p = 0.002), and
having LNM (p = 0.049); and the factor afectng LRC rates was tumor size (>5 cm) (p = 0.011). In subgroup analy-
ses, among all stage I patents, the DFS rates were lower for those with histologic grade 3 tumors and more than
½ myometrial invasion.
Conclusions: Due to its rarity, the prognostc factors and outcomes of nonendometoid endometrium carcinoma
are not fully understood. In our analysis, stage, LNM, and presence of LVSI were found to be the most important
prognostc factors. In order to tailor the optmal treatment strategy, prospectve studies are needed.
Keywords: Clear cell endometrium carcinoma, Nonendometriod endometrium carcinoma, Radiotherapy, Serous
papillary endometrium carcinoma, Type 2 endometrium carcinoma
Accepted: July 9, 2015
Published online: September 17, 2015
Corresponding author:
Fatma Sert, MD
Department of Radiaton Oncology
Ege University Faculty of Medicine
Izmir, Turkey
fatma.sert@ege.edu.tr