DOI: 10.1111/mice.12525
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Modeling evacuation route choices under influence of variable
message signs
Minghua Zeng
1
Min Wang
1
Yang Liu
2
Jiuh-Biing Sheu
3
1
School of Transportation and Logistics, East
China Jiao Tong University, Nanchang, China
2
Department of Industrial and Systems
Engineering, National University of
Singapore, Singapore
3
Department of Business Administration,
National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Correspondence
Jiuh-Biing Sheu, Department of Business
Administration, National Taiwan University,
No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617,
Taiwan.
Email: jbsheu@ntu.edu.tw
Funding information
National Natural Science Foundation of China,
Grant/Award Number: 71601163; Natural
Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,
Grant/Award Numbers:20142BAB207016,
20181BAB206044; Key R&D Program of
Jiangxi Province, Grant/Award Number:
20192BBG70076; Department of Science and
Technology of Jiangxi Province; Ministry of
Science and Technology, Taiwan, Grant/Award
Numbers: MOST 108-2410-H-002-225-MY3,
MOST 106-2410-H-002-055-MY3
Abstract
This work develops a novel methodology for investigating dynamic evacuation route
switching behavior and its influence on evacuation traffic assignment considering
evacuees’ intuitionistic fuzzy perception and cognition of multitype multiattribute
real-time variable message sign (VMS) information. The methodology has three dis-
tinctive features. First, a link-based VMS information utility model is developed.
Second, two link-specific dynamic escape speed models (DESMs), characterized
by VMS information, evacuee attributes, and hazard-related information, are pro-
posed. Third, VMS information characteristics and the intuitionistic fuzzy method
are integrated into route choice behavior models. The link-specific DESMs are used
to adjust the reactive DYNASTOCH algorithm to simulate emergency traffic evacua-
tion. Results demonstrate that the proposed models are effective in characterizing not
only dynamic evacuation route switching behavior (microscopic) but also network-
wide evacuation traffic performances (macro) under behavioral and information
uncertainties.
1 INTRODUCTION
Variable message signs (VMSs) have been widely used to
display traffic information about congestion, incidents, and
travel time for example. However, their ability to improve
disaster-induced network-wide evacuation traffic perfor-
mance has not been examined sufficiently (Ma, Shao, Song,
& Chen, 2014). Emergency evacuations involve substantial
uncertainties in such as VMS information, traveler attributes,
and surroundings. For example, vehicle collisions and break-
downs, which are estimated to have been responsible for
about 52–58% of the total delay in U.S. urban areas in 2011
(Schrank, Lomax, & Eisele, 2011) may occur more frequently
© 2020 Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering
during an emergency evacuation, degrading network-wide
traffic evacuation performance. The unexpected congestion
that is caused by incidents during evacuation can be regarded
as nonrecurrent congestion, with which this article is mainly
concerned. The impact of nonrecurring congestion on
evacuation performance can be relieved by providing traffic
information for drivers by using intelligent transportation
system applications, including onboard advanced traveler
information systems (ATISs) and road-side VMSs, to dissem-
inate information about complete or partial recommended
paths, as well as qualitative or quantitative information
about traffic conditions. Such information can be used to
adjust trips by travelers. Its effects on travel decisions have
Comput Aided Civ Inf. 2020;1–25. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/mice 1