International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol. 11, No. 4, December 2022, pp. 1176~1183 ISSN: 2252-8806, DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v11i4.21727  1176 Journal homepage: http://ijphs.iaescore.com Larval survey of the dengue-endemic area in Samarinda: guide to determine risk containers Muhammad Rasyid Ridha, Sri Sulasmi Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, West Java, Indonesia Article Info ABSTRACT Article history: Received Jan 13, 2022 Revised Aug 25, 2022 Accepted Sep 9, 2022 Dengue has been reported in Indonesia since1968; the cases tend to increase and spread every year. From 2015-2019 almost all districts in Indonesia had dengue cases. This study aimed to determine the value of the entomological index and its relationship with the treatment of various types of containers and spatial epidemiology. A larval survey was conducted to determine the presence of larvae in water containers. Logistic regression and spatial data analysis were performed to see the distribution and make a buffer area map of Aedes sp. spreading risk. The types of containers observed in this study were water tubs, drums, buckets, refrigerator containers, dispenser containers, and other categories. There were 221 containers found containing Aedes sp. larvae. Container types affected the presence of larvae with adjusted ORs of 2.779 (95% CI: 1.441-5.360) on buckets, 9.812 (95% CI: 1.249-77.051) on refrigerator holders, and 0.301 (95% CI: 0.147-0.617) on dispenser holders, while the other variables were constant. The spatial analysis found that many houses are at risk of dengue transmission within a radius of 100 m. The discovery of containers as potential breeding sites for Aedes sp. provides a chance for an increase in dengue cases in Samarinda. Keywords: Aedes sp. Containers Dengue Larval survey This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license. Corresponding Author: Muhammad Rasyid Ridha Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency Raya Jakarta-Bogor Street, Pakansari, Cibinong, Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia Email: ridho.litbang@gmail.com 1. INTRODUCTION Dengue was first reported in Indonesia (Jakarta and Surabaya) in 1968. The cases tend to increase and spread every year. In 2015-2019 almost all Indonesian districts had dengue cases [1], [2]. Samarinda City is one of the dengue endemic cities in East Kalimantan, Indonesia which first reported cases of dengue in 1988. Data on dengue fever from the Samarinda City Health Office reported that in 2014 there were 1126 cases with an incidence rate (IR) of 2.38, in 2015 there were 1272 cases. with an IR of 2.6, in 2016 2,832 cases, IR 6.9, in 2017 as many as 2,814 thousand and with an IR of 2.1. Until now dengue still occurs every year in line with the development of increasingly widespread, dense, and heterogeneous settlements [3]. The incidence of dengue is influenced by several interacting factors which include disease agents (the dengue virus), the presence of vectors, and environmental conditions that support the development of mosquito vectors [4]. Mosquitos from genus Aedes (Ae) is responsible for carrying and transmitting the dengue virus which consists of various species. Of this genus, the main vector of the dengue virus is Ae. aegypti species. It is the main vector responsible for dengue fever transmission and dengue fever epidemics. Other mosquito species in the genus Aedes including Ae. albopictus, Ae. polynesiensis, and Ae. scutellaris; who have limited ability to act as vectors of dengue fever. The even distribution of dengue cases in almost all regions of Indonesia is due to the presence of vector mosquitoes (Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus) which are