183 This work is under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. ISSN: 2349-8889 Volume-9, Issue-1 (January 2022) https://doi.org/10.31033/ijrasb.9.1.22 International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology www.ijrasb.com Investigating the Evolution of Living Things Mirwais Safi Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Faryab University, Faryab, AFGHANISTAN Corresponding Author: hayatullahmasomi2008@gmail.com ABSTRACT Today, the study of the origin of life is one of the active fields in scientific research, and cooperation between different disciplines of science has greatly contributed to increasing our knowledge about the formation of life. According to scientists, the age of the earth is estimated at (4.6) billion years, but the signs of life are approximately (3.8) billion years ago. Thus, life had hundreds of millions of years to begin with the formation of citrus CO2, H2O, C, H2, N2 after the formation of the Earth's initial atmosphere. There are several theories before the organ molecules formed in the early earth. Organic matter may have been produced on the surface of the earth and formed by the earth at the site of hot water pores. The primary cells were probably heterotrophic. Aerobic organisms have appeared in the atmosphere after increasing oxygen, eukaryotic organisms have evolved from prokaryotes; Organisms diversified during the Paleozoic, with dinosaurs and other reptiles dominating during the Mesozoic (about 250 million years ago); The Sinusoid age is the age of mammals, but it does not exist to prove any of the above ideas that can satisfy all scientists and philosophers. Evolutionary sources, the origin of the evolutionary history of life, scientific studies on the origin of life, the evolution of living beings and intelligent human beings old and present, and clear cultural evolution. Keyword: Evolution, Human, Living thing, Life, Transformism, Microevolution, Embryo, Fossil. I. INTRODUCTION The origin and evolutionary history of primitive life on earth, the evolution of the emergence of the ancient intelligent man, and the present man and the position of man in particular in terms of cultural evolution and evolution are among the most important philosophical and scientific issues that have always been hotly debated for centuries. Is. These debates are still going on today. Usually these discussions start with the question, how did life begin? Biologists, however, generally hypothesize that life evolved from inanimate matter. It is accepted, but it is not clear exactly how this process, called chemical evolution, came to life. Chemical evolution probably involves several stages. Common models suggest that small organ molecules form spontaneously and relatively larger masses are formed over time. These molecules may have accumulated instead of being broken. Later large organ molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids were formed. The macromolecules interacted with each other to form more complex structures until they were able to metabolize, proliferate, and form the first cells. Photosynthesis, aerobic respiration, and eukaryotic cell structure are major advances in life history. According to existing fossils, unicellular prokaryotes first came to life and were followed by unicellular eukaryotes. The first multicellular eukaryotes, which were mollusks, appeared in the ocean about 630 million years ago. Oystercatchers and many other non-marine poor later appeared. Following the invertebrates, vertebrates appeared. First, the first fish came into being and diversified. Some of them evolved into Zoomistin. These were the first vertebrates that had limbs that could move on Earth, and zoomestin expanded and diversified. About 300 million years ago, zoomestin evolved into reptiles. Reptiles later evolved into mammals and birds in two separate ways. Plants also evolved and diversified in parallel with animals. II. EVOLUTION OF LIVING THINGS The word evolution in Persian has been chosen as the equivalent of two terms (Evolution) and Transformism. The meaning of these two terms in the tradition of biological literature, one of which is the belief in the derivation of species from each other and the other is the term theory of fixation of species Fixism or belief in the fixation of species. Evolution is derived from the word Evolotie meaning development, and the word was first used in embryological activity in the 18th century by the Swedish naturalist S. Bonar (1762). Transformism It is a theory that believes in the evolution of living things. In general, the term uses the term conceptual evolution in the human mind, and it is the historical emergence of living beings, derivation of species from each other and sometimes the belief in the existence of some kind of progress and development, the ascending course while deriving some types. Evolution in the member world (living world) is considered to be the starting point for the emergence of living beings, simple souls, which, as a result of continuous gradual change based on accident, mutation changes from simple to complex, excellent and diverse, and finally the great evolutionary lineage of life. According to proponents of this theory, there are