Surface modification of banana fiber: A review Upendra Sharan Gupta a , Mohit Dhamarikar a,⇑ , Amit Dharkar a , Siddhartha Chaturvedi a , Sudhir Tiwari b , Rajeev Namdeo c a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth Vishwavidyalaya, Indore 453111, India b Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Govindram Sekseria Institute of Technology and Sciences, Indore 452003, India c Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Vaishnav Polytechnic College, Indore 452002, India article info Article history: Received 13 May 2020 Received in revised form 7 July 2020 Accepted 11 July 2020 Available online xxxx Keywords: Banana fiber Natural fiber composites Surface modifications Synthetics fiber composites Composite mechanical properties abstract Natural fibers are pliant in nature and their characteristics are vastly dependent on their physical aspects and chemical configuration. Banana fiber is derived by processing ‘‘pseudo stem of banana plant” (Musasepientum) Banana fiber is such a natural fiber being largely constituted of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose thus earning the name of lignocellulosic fiber. The composite materials based on reinforced natural fibers have excellent mechanical properties attributing to their chemical composites and struc- ture. However, further ‘‘improvement in the mechanical properties of natural fiber composites can be achieved if the adhesion at the fiber–matrix interface is enhanced”. This review paper comprises the on effects of various surface modification techniques on various mechanical properties of banana fiber in order to establish surface modification as a viable process in incorporating valuable banana fiber for industrial applications. The surface treatment of banana fiber reinforced composites, in turn, enables the development of banana fiber as a reliable and viable material for manufacturing of industrial and tri- bological components which helps meet the global aim of developing green materials for the sustainable future of mankind. Ó 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Confer- ence on Advanced Materials Behavior and Characterization. 1. Introduction Natural fibers are usually composed of around 60–70% of cellu- lose, 10–20% of lignin and other minor constituents include pec- tins, waxes, etc [1]. Cellulose is the main source of high performance of plant fibers due to its crystalline nature and ß-4 linked D-glucan chained structure. The Young’s modulus of crys- talline cellulose is similar to Kevlar and potentially stronger than steel [2]. Hemicellulose has amourphous structure due to short and branched chains containing pedant side groups. Lignin is a 3D copolymer which is mainly responsible for the rigidity of plant fiber cells [3]. Being largely constituted of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin natural fiber have been coined the name lignocellulosic fiber [4]. Natural fibers are known to have good mechanical strength, acoustic properties and are lightweight and cost- friendly materials which makes them more desirable over syn- thetic fiber materials [5,6]. These advantages of natural fiber open up the scope for their application in construction industry as a con- struction material [7]. Natural fibers in their current state are an have are being used in packaging, textile and paper making indus- try [8]. The low cost, lightweight, biodegradability, flame retarda- tion and environment friendly characteristics of natural fibers are making them a popular choice for replacement of synthetic fibers in areas such as construction, automotive and aerospace industries [1,9]. Natural Fibers have a potential of application in the automo- tive underbodies such as of heavy trucks, cars, trains, bicycle frames and many more [10]. Natural fibers reinforced with high performance resins along with suitable additives have paved the way for the use of these bio composites in various automotive components such as dashboards, bumpers, door and trim compo- nents, exterior body panels, etc [11]. Natural Fibers polymer com- posites are potential candidates for interior applications in aerospace engineering due to their lightweight and low cost prop- erties [12]. Banana Fiber is a bast fiber developed from the trunk of banana plant [13]. Banana fiber has found to have a cellulose content of 60–65%, 6–19% hemicellulose, 5–10% lignin, 3–5% pectin, ash 1– https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.217 2214-7853/Ó 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Conference on Advanced Materials Behavior and Characterization. ⇑ Corresponding author. E-mail address: dhamarikarmohit@gmail.com (M. Dhamarikar). Materials Today: Proceedings xxx (xxxx) xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Materials Today: Proceedings journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/matpr Please cite this article as: U. S. Gupta, M. Dhamarikar, A. Dharkar et al., Surface modification of banana fiber: A review, Materials Today: Proceedings, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.217