Research Article
Volume 1 Issue 3 - February 2017
DOI: 10.19080/GJPPS.2016.01.555561
Glob J Pharmaceu Sci
Copyright © All rights are reserved by Ayodapo Jegede
Effects of Work Content and Work Context
on Job Motivation of Hospital Pharmacists
Ayodapo Jegede* and Omoniyi Ola-Olorun
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria
Submission: January 06, 2017; Published: February 28, 2017
*Corresponding author: Ayodapo Jegede, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria,
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Introduction
The workplace is a significant part of an individual’s life
that affects his or her life and the well-being of the community.
Campbell [1] asserts that the average adult spends much of his
or her life working, as much as a quarter or even a third of his
waking life in work. As much as a fifth to a quarter of the variation
in adult life satisfaction can be accounted for by satisfaction
with work Campbell [1]. The work environment has effect
on the performance level of employees and absence of office
building, drugs, equipment etc. can affect the performance of the
employees Asigele [2]. The behavior of employees is influenced
by the environment in which they find themselves and will be a
function of that employee’s innate drives or felt needs and the
opportunities he or she has to satisfy those drives or needs in
the workplace. Employee motivation has been defined as: “the
willingness to exert high levels of effort toward organizational
goals, conditioned by the effort’s ability to satisfy some individual
need Ramlall [3]. Poor employee motivation can manifest as lack
of courtesy to patients; tardiness and absenteeism; poor process
quality, such as failure to conduct proper patient examinations;
and failure to treat patients in a timely manner Gilson [4]. In
the workforce, it can manifest in high staff turnover rates, high
vacancy rates and indifferent performance Bennett & Lynne
[5]. If employees are never given opportunities to utilize all of
their skills, then the employer may never have the benefit of
their total performance. Work performance is also contingent
upon employee abilities. If they lack the learned skills or innate
talents to do a particular job, then performance will be less than
optimal. The success of productivity improvement strategy is
dependent on employee commitment, job satisfaction, skills
and motivation Alshallah [6]. The two-factor theory of Fredrick
Herzberg [7] distinguishes between:
Motivators
(e.g. challenging work, recognition and responsibility) that
give positive satisfaction, arising from the intrinsic conditions
of the job itself, such as recognition, achievement or personal
growth.
Hygiene factors
(e.g. status, job security, salary, fringe benefits, work
conditions) that do not give positive satisfaction or lead to
Glob J Pharmaceu Sci 1(3): GJPPS.MS.ID.555561 (2017) 001
Abstract
The behavior of employees is influenced by the environment in which they find themselves and dissatisfaction associated with bad working
conditions account for employees’ new job searches and actual separations. The objectives of this study were to examine the relationship
between work content and motivation, on one hand, and work context and motivation, on the other hand, of hospital pharmacists in Osun state
of Nigeria. Eighty seven out of 110 practicing pharmacists in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Osun State were selected randomly. They were
then interviewed with the aid of a set of pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire that comprised two sections. The main section employed
thirty three items made of statements on a Likert-type scale to elicit information on the relationship between work content, work context and
motivation of the respondents. Descriptive statistics including frequencies, percentages and medians were used to summarize the data while
linear regression analysis was used to test for relationship between variables at 5% level of significance. The results showed that work content
and work context contributed significantly to the regression model, F (1, 89) = 93.68, P =.00) and accounted for 55.6% and 51.3% of the variation
in job motivation respectively.
Conclusion: Work content and work content factors are important determinants of job motivation of hospital pharmacists.
Keywords: Work-content; Work-context; Pharmacist; Motivation; Satisfaction; Employees
Global journal of
Pharmacy & pharmaceutical Science
ISSN:2573-2250