_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Corresponding author: Email: osman.mahi@hotmail.co.uk; International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health 41(4): 17-25, 2020; Article no.IJTDH.56539 ISSN: 2278–1005, NLM ID: 101632866 Self-Medication with Antibiotics and Its Predictors among the Population in Khartoum Locality, Khartoum State, Sudan in 2018 Osman Kamal Osman Elmahi 1* , Siham Ahmed Balla 1,2 and Hiba Ahmed Khalil 1 1 Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ibn Sina University, Khartoum, Sudan. 2 Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration among all authors. Author OKOE designed the study, collected the data, performed the analysis and literature review and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Author SAB managed the analysis, interpreted the data and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/IJTDH/2020/v41i430267 Editor(s): (1) Dr. Muhammad Chutiyami, Shehu Sule College of Nursing and Midwifery Damaturu, Nigeria. Reviewers: (1) Camilo Torres-Serna, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Colombia. (2) Neydi Osnaya Romero, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico. (3) José Eduardo Martinez, Pontifical Catholic University of Sao Paulo (PUCSP), Brazil. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sdiarticle4.com/review-history/56539 Received 20 February 2020 Accepted 25 April 2020 Published 04 May 2020 ABSTRACT Background: Self-medication is a personal self-initiated behaviour of diagnosis of a disease and self-treatment of its symptoms and signs. Objective: To identify the prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics and the diseases commonly treated with antibiotics, the most commonly used antibiotics, the sources of obtaining it and the predictors of self-medication with antibiotics. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Khartoum Locality, Khartoum State, Sudan during April 2018. Methods: 246 adults (130 males, 116 females) over 18 years were included in the study. A closed- ended, pretested and pre-validated questionnaire was used to interview the participants. Data was analysed using SPSS Version 23.0. Descriptive statistics were presented in tables and figures. Logistic regression was conducted to identify the predictors of self-medication with Original Research Article