Summary — This paper presents the adoption, benefits and effects of a National Vehicle Identification System in Brazil in terms of its application in the areas of transport and logistics. The System, created on 2006, is still in implementation phase, but its pilot program has already shown promising results. In order to understand and verify the requirements of the National Vehicle Identification System (SINIAV) were analyzed the foundations established by the legislature and the subsequent regulation by the National Traffic Council. Also, given its appliance by SINIAV, radio frequency technology was analyzed in terms of safety and expected results. The importance of an open source technology for this system was also scrutinized. The results of the system were verified regarding its application in the areas of logistics and transportation, using as indicators the prevention, monitoring and suppression of vehicle theft and robbery. SINIAV is expected to be deployed without any proprietary protocols and to allow data sharing between federal entities, which will benefit to public safety and mobility, thus becoming a qualitative leap for development of smart cities in Brazil. Key words— radio frequency identification, RFID, SINIAV, identification of vehicles. I. INTRODUCTION Systems for Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) have been used around the world for more than a decade. Structures that support access, control and identification in general are applied in many different uses all over the world. The installations can be spotted at airports, seaports, bus terminals, bus-stops, taxi stands, centers of the cities, industrial and residential estates. Such systems are E. M. Dias, Eduardo M. Dias is PhD in Electrical Engineering and Full Professor at the Polytechnic School of University of São Paulo (EPUSP), Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, trav. 3, n. 158, São Paulo/SP, Brazil, CEP 05508-970 and coordinator at GAESI - Electrical Automation Group of Industrial Systems, a research group of the Electrical Energy and Automation Department (emdias@pea.usp.br) of EPUSP. J. A. Tatto is a MSc student at EPUSP and Municipal Secretary for Transport of São Paulo/SP, Brasil (Telefone para contato: 55 11 3396-8000; fax: 55 11 3396-8000; e-mail: jilmar.tatto@uol.com.br). Dariusz A. Swiatek has PhD in Human Geography and Urban Planning, is associated professor at the Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences – Warsaw, Poland (on sabbatical) and member of research team of GAESI - the Polytechnic School of University of São Paulo, Brazil (daswiatek@googlemail.com). convenient to use due to solutions such as proximity or radio frequency access control allow easy registration of passing vehicles without need to delay their flow. Another feature provided by RFID controlled AVI is facilitating security through automation of vehicle recognition and identification. Furthermore congestion, queues and miscommunication can cause delay and have a negative impact on business and the wellbeing of people. Cities and business currently are investing heavily in infrastructure and facilities to increase security and mobility. Maintaining mobility is a challenge itself for city administration and business management. Meeting that challenge while conforming to new emission standards which become a vivid need of modern societies and thanks to use of control systems such as AVI is becoming feasible. Vehicle Identification Systems can help ensuring the speedy flow of traffic while contributing to a green environment [1]. Automatic remote detection prevents cars from standing still with the motor running. It prevents congestion and ensures swift and fuel efficient transportation of vehicles and goods [2]. Finally Automatic Vehicle Identification is much more than just vehicle control. Not only cars, but all kinds of vehicles can use such systems. Vehicles can be tracked as part of logistics or production processes. A lot of taxi queues are managed using AVI systems: through the identification of taxis the queue is managed and vehicles are allowed access to the passenger pickup area in the right order. Weighing bridges for trucks are equipped with AVI to automatically identify the vehicle and connect it to the weighing information before allowing the truck to proceed to the next step in the process [3]. All kinds of vehicles in mining industrial estates are tagged to keep track of them during the production process in the mines while ensuring high levels of safety. Trains are equipped with AVI to identify them entering and leaving train stations and keep track of them while performing their duty [4]. Even a lot of bus terminals are managed using AVI equipment. In the future AVI will be actively used in fleet management to track vehicle location, hard stops, rapid acceleration, and sudden turns using sophisticated analysis of the data in order to implement new policies (e.g., no right/left turns) that result in cost savings [5, 6, 7]. The National Vehicle Identification System in Brazil as a tool for mobility improvement Eduardo M. Dias, Jilmar A. Tatto, Dariusz A. Swiatek GAESI, Poli/USP, Departamento de Engenharia de Energia e Automação Elétricas University of São Paulo Brasil Recent Advances in Communications ISBN: 978-1-61804-318-4 247