On the use of the vertical straight wire model in electromagnetics and related boundary element solution Dragan Poljak a,n , Silvestar Šesnić a , Damir Cavka a , Khalil El Khamlichi Drissi b a Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 32, 21000 Split, Croatia b Pascal Institute, Blaise Pascal University, Clermont-Ferrand, France article info Article history: Received 25 September 2013 Received in revised form 3 March 2014 Accepted 13 June 2014 Keywords: Vertical straight wire Pocklington equation Two media configuration EMC applications Boundary element method abstract The paper deals with an analysis of various EMC problems related to radiation and scattering from wires using a vertical straight wire model based on the corresponding Pocklington integro-differential equation. The rigorous solution of the Pocklington type equation is undertaken via the Galerkin–Bubnov Indirect Boundary Element Method (GB-IBEM). Many illustrative computational examples presented throughout the paper are related to dipole antenna above a lossy half-space, metal rods penetrating the ground, lightning channel and vertical grounding electrode. Obtained numerical results are somewhere compared to NEC or analytical results, respectively. & 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Contents 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................... 19 2. Formulation ......................................................................................................... 20 3. Applications of straight wire model in electromagnetics ..................................................................... 21 3.1. Vertical dipole above a lossy ground ............................................................................... 21 3.1.1. Integral equation formulation .............................................................................. 21 3.1.2. Computational examples .................................................................................. 22 3.2. Vertical antennas near to and penetrating interface ................................................................... 22 3.2.1. Integral equation formulation .............................................................................. 23 3.2.2. Computational examples .................................................................................. 23 3.3. Antenna model of the lightning chanel ............................................................................. 23 3.3.1. Integral equation formulation .............................................................................. 24 3.3.2. Computational examples .................................................................................. 24 3.4. Antenna model of the vertical grounding electrode ................................................................... 25 3.4.1. Integral equation formulation .............................................................................. 25 3.4.2. The scattered voltage along the grounding electrode ........................................................... 27 3.4.3. Computational examples .................................................................................. 27 4. Conclusion .......................................................................................................... 27 Appendix GB-IBEM solution of pocklington equation.......................................................................... 27 References .............................................................................................................. 27 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/enganabound Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enganabound.2014.06.003 0955-7997/& 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. n Corresponding author. Tel.: þ385 914305698; fax: þ385 21305776. E-mail addresses: dpoljak@fesb.hr (D. Poljak), ssesnic@fesb.hr (S. Šesnić), dcavka@fesb.hr (D. Cavka), drissi@lasmea.univ-bpclermont.fr (K.E.K. Drissi). Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements 50 (2015) 19–28