A group of meteorologists, hydrologists, climate scientists, atmospheric chemists, and
oceanographers have created an interdisciplinary research effort to explore the causes of
variability of rainfall, flooding and water supply along the U.S. West Coast.
CALWATER FIELD STUDIES DESIGNED
TO QUANTIFY THE ROLES OF
ATMOSPHERIC RIVERS AND
AEROSOLS IN MODULATING
U.S. WEST COAST PRECIPITATION
IN A CHANGING CLIMATE
BY F. M. RALPH, K. A. PRATHER, D. CAYAN, J. R. SPACKMAN, P. DEMOTT, M. DETTINGER, C. FAIRALL, R. LEUNG,
D. ROSENFELD, S. RUTLEDGE, D. WALISER, A. B. WHITE, J. CORDEIRA, A. MARTIN, J. HELLY, AND J. INTRIERI
C
alWater is a multiyear program of field cam-
paigns, numerical modeling experiments, and
scientific analysis focused on phenomena that
are key to the water supply and associated extremes
(drought, flood) in the U.S. West Coast region. Table 1
summarizes CalWater’s development timeline. The
results from CalWater are also relevant in many
other regions around the globe. CalWater began as
a workshop at Scripps Institution of Oceanography
(SIO) in 2008 that brought together scientists in sev-
eral disciplines, including meteorology, hydrology,
air pollution, aerosol chemistry, and climate. The
purpose of the CalWater workshop was threefold: 1) to
discuss key science gaps and the potential for lever-
aging long-term Hydrometeorology Testbed (HMT)
data collection in California (Ralph et al. 2013), 2) to
explore interest in the potential impacts of anthropo-
genic aerosols on California’s water supply, and 3) to
build on the Suppression of Precipitation (SUPRECIP)
experiment from 2005 to 2007 (Rosenfeld et al. 2008b)
and on the development of an aerosol time-of-flight
mass spectrometer (ATOFMS; Gard et al.1997) able
AFFILIATIONS: RALPH, PRATHER, AND MARTIN—Scripps
Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego,
La Jolla, California; CAYAN AND DETTINGER—Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, and U.S.
Geological Survey, La Jolla, California; SPACKMAN—Science and
Technology Corporation, and NOAA/Earth System Research
Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado; DEMOTT AND RUTLEDGE—Colorado
State University, Fort Collins, Colorado; FAIRALL, WHITE, AND
INTRIERI —NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder,
Colorado; LEUNG—Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,
Department of Energy, Richland, Washington; ROSENFELD—Hebrew
University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; WALISER—NASA Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California; CORDEIRA—Plymouth
State University, Plymouth, New Hampshire; HELLY—Scripps
Institution of Oceanography, and San Diego Super Computer
Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: F. Martin Ralph, Scripps Institution
of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Dr., Ste. 0224, La Jolla, CA 92093
E-mail: mralph@ucsd.edu
The abstract for this article can be found in this issue, following the table
of contents.
DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00043.1
In final form 4 September 2015
©2016 American Meteorological Society
1209 JULY 2016 AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY |