Asian Pacifc Journal of Cancer Prevention, Vol 13, 2012 4963 DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.10.4963 Diabetes Mellitus and Renal Cell Carcinoma - A Hospital Based Study from Kathmandu Valley Asian Pacifc J Cancer Prev, 13 (10), 4963-4965 Introduction Renal cell carcinoma is the most frequent renal malignancy in adults which grow from the proximal renal tubular epithelium and leads to mortality over 100,000 per year worldwide. In the United States renal cell carcinoma accounts for 2.3% of all cancer deaths. (Jemal et al., 2007). The augmentation of renal cell carcinoma has been reported in most of countries due to change in prevalence of risk factors for RCC. The increase occurrence of RCC have been implicated with cigarette smoking, physical activity, genetic susceptibility, alcohol consumption, occupational exposure to trichloroethylene, obesity, hypertension, kidney transplantation, exposure to certain toxins and family history of the diabetes (Luke et al., 2011). A prior history of diabetes increased the relative risk of cancer by 40% in both men and women. diabetes mellitus as a potential risk factor for renal cell carcinoma has been illustrated in clinical and au- topsy fndings. Obesity and hypertension are the most important recognized risk factors for renal cell carcinoma and both factors are allied to diabetes mellitus through insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome (Mori et al., 2000). numerous other mechanisms implicated in the development of renal cancer in diabetes include increased 1 Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, 2 Department of Community Medicine, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal *For correspondence: satrudhangupta4@gmail.com Abstract Objective: To diagnose renal cell carcinoma at early stages and for better prognosis , the main objective of our current study was to understand any association with diabetes with relation to age, gender, history of disease, diabetic laboratory parameters, tumor size and grade. Materials and Methods: This hospital based study was carried out using data retrieved from the register maintained in the Department of Biochemistry of Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences between 1 st December, 2011 and 31 st May, 2012. The variables collected were age, gender, HbA1c, serum creatinine, fasting blood glucose. One way ANOVA was applied to examine statistical signifcance of differences between groups. The LSD post hoc test was used for the comparison of means of case groups. Results: Of the total 140 cases of renal cell carcinoma, 79 patients were also suffering from diabetes mellitus. The number of females (47) was more in diabetic RCC patients when compared to males (32). Signifcance was observed in levels of serum creatinine for tumor size >10cm (0.0001*). The highest value of glycated hemoglobin (8.9%) and fasting blood sugar(148.3mg/dl)in cases of renal cell carcinoma along with diabetes mellitus was found in tumour size of 1-5cm. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus has independent prognostic signifcance in RCC in relation to tumour size and grade. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus - renal cell carcinoma - tumour size - grade- Kathmandu RESEARCH ARTICLE Diabetes Mellitus and Renal Cell Carcinoma - A Hospital Based Study from Kathmandu Valley Satrudhan Pd Gupta 1 *, Ankush Mittal 1 , Dipendra Kumar Jha 1 , Dipendra Raj Pandeya 1 , Brijesh Sathian 2 growth factors and/or their receptors, hyperinsulinemia and glucose availability. In spite of increased health care services for imaging, still up to one third of all patients with RCC will have metastases at time of presentation (Singam et al., 2010). In the developing countries like Nepal, incidence of diabetes mellitus is very high. To diagnose the renal cell carcinoma at early stages and for better prognosis, the main objective of our current study was to understand the association between renal cell cancer and diabetes with relation to age, gender, history of diabetes, diabetic laboratory parameters, tumor size and grade. Materials and Methods It was a hospital based study carried out using data retrieved from the register maintained in the Department of Biochemistry of Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal between 1 st December, 2011 and 31 st May, 2012. The variables collected were age, gender, HbA1c, serum creatinine, fasting blood glucose. The glycated haemoglobin was determined by ion exchange chromatography (Eckerbom et al., 1994). Estimation of serum creatinine was done by Jaffe’s alkaline picrate method (Peake et al., 2006). The assessment of fasting