458 https://oamjms.eu/index.php/mjms/index Scientifc Foundation SPIROSKI, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2022 Mar 25; 10(E):458-464. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8126 eISSN: 1857-9655 Category: E - Public Health Section: Public Health Disease Control Novel Copolymer Cationic from Agroindustrial Waste using Microwave Prayudhy Yushananta 1,2 *, Mei Ahyanti 1 1 Department of Environmetal Health, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Tanjungkarang, Lampung. Indonesia; 2 Doctoral Program of Environmental Science, Universitas Lampung, Lampung. Indonesia Abstract BACKGROUND: A cationic copolymer has been developed to substitute synthetic coagulants, resulting in decreased pH, potential health problems, high costs, and large sludge volumes. AIM: This study evaluated the potential of banana pith in several treatments as a natural coagulant to reduce turbidity, COD, and color. METHODS: The synthesis was carried out by inserting the cationic moiety of GTA into the starch backbone by microwave radiation. The cationic performance was tested four times, with a factorial design based on dose (4 levels), stirring speed (3 levels), and stirring time (3 levels). A two-way ANOVA test was applied to determine the efect of treatment. RESULTS: The results showed that the cationic polymer could reduce turbidity (94.4%), COD (19.4%), and color (87.5%). Although all variables showed a signifcant efect (p < 0.05), the use of 300 mg/L dose, stirring speed (200 rpm), for 5 min showed the highest reduction efect. CONCLUSIONS: Using GTA and microwaves, banana pith starch can be modifed into an efective cationic copolymer for water and wastewater treatment. Edited by: Sasho Stoleski Citation: Yushananta P, Ahyanti M. Novel Copolymer Cationic from Agroindustrial Waste using Microwave. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2022 Mar 25; 10(E):458-464. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8126 Keywords: Coagulation-focculation; Banana pith; Turbidity; COD; Color *Correspondence: Prayudhy Yushananta, Department of Environmetal Health, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Tanjungkarang, Lampung, Indonesia. E-mail: prayudhyyushananta@gmail.com Received: 30-Nov-2021 Revised: 23-Feb-2022 Accepted: 24-Mar-2022 Copyright: © 2022 Prayudhy Yushananta, Mei Ahyanti Funding: This research did not receive any fnancial support Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist Open Access: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) Introduction Water supply is intended to carry out their activities as humans [1]. Two serious problems increase the need for clean water, namely, population growth and rapid industrialization growth [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]. It is estimated that global water demand will increase to meet the needs of 9.7 billion people by 2050, from 7.7 billion in 2020 [9]. In the industrial sector, clean water is needed to reach about 22% of the total water available [10]. On the water supply aspect, the problems are the increase in water pollution from various toxic pollutants from industrial and domestic [4], [5], [7], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15]. Domestic wastewater mainly contains pathogenic microbiological, such as Coliform, E. coli, Streptococcus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Vibrio sp., Clostridia sp., Arcobacter sp., Thiobacillus sp. [16], [17]. Meanwhile, the industrial wastewater is hydraulic overload, extreme temperatures, oil and grease, acids or bases, suspended solids, inorganic or organic, toxic and volatile materials, odors, or corrosive gases [4], [5], [7], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15]. These two problems encourage massive groundwater exploitation [15], [18]. Resulting in a reduced volume of groundwater storage, land subsidence, negative impacts on water supply, decreased surface water fow and loss of springs, and loss of wetlands, thus threatening to threaten the sustainability of water supply [19], [20]. Globally, it estimated a reduction in groundwater from 1900 to 2008 of 4.500 km 3 (the equivalent of a sea-level rise of 12.6 mm). Since about 1950, the rate of groundwater reduction has increased signifcantly, averaging about 145 km 3 /year (equivalent to 0.40 mm/year of level increase) [19], [21]. Water treatment is the most rational choice to solve the demand and supply of clean water problems, in addition to eforts to diversify sustainable water sources (including the use of rainwater and seawater desalination) [1], [22]. Many technologies have been developed to treat water and wastewater, such as precipitation, adsorption, coagulation, fotation, ion exchange, membrane fltration, and biological and electrolytic methods have been used to remove particles from water [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36]. However, coagulation and focculation techniques are the most widely applied technology globally as a vital step in removing colloid particles, natural organic matter, microorganisms, and inorganic ions present in untreated water [15], [32], [34], [37], [38], [39], [40]. A coagulant is an essential material in the coagulation-focculation process which refers to the agglomeration process of colloidal particles with an average size of 5−200 nm and small suspended solids in water infuenced by several factors such as temperature, ionic strength, pH. type and dose of material, coagulant,