Extruded Full Fat Soybean in Diets for Male Turkey Alsaftli ZA 1* , AL-Saadi MA 1 and Subuh AM 2 1 Department of Animal Production, Damascus University, Syria, Syrian Arab Republic 2 Animal Production Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al Baath, Syria, Syrian Arab Republic * Corresponding author: Alsaftli ZA, Department of Animal Production, Damascus University, Syria, Syrian Arab Republic, Tel: 963994477258; E-mail: zelalsaftli@gmail.com Rec date: Jan 05, 2016; Acc date: Mar 02, 2016; Pub date: Mar 04, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Alsaftli ZA, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract The aim of this research was to study the effect of different levels of the extruded full-fat soybean (EFFSB) on growth performance and serum lipids of male turkeys. A trial was carried out using 300 one day male turkey B.U.T (big 6) during 3 feeding periods (starter, grower and finisher, 18 weeks). Poults were selected and divided into four experimental groups with three replicates containing 25 poults each, in a completely randomized design, and were fed experimental diets for 18 weeks. Treatments consisted on: T1 (control, SBM), T2 (10% EFFSB), T3 (15% EFFSB) and T4 (20% EFFSB). There were negligible changes in mortality. The results showed that the level of feed intake was decreased, while feed efficiency and body weight gain was improved in male turkey fed with different levels of the EFFSB. As a result, the best growth performance was determined for male turkeys fed diets containing 15% and 20% of EFFSB, which was exceeded significantly (p<0.05). The experiment confirmed that addition of extruded full-fat soybean in male turkey diets had influenced on serum lipids, so that cholesterol and triglyceride were reduced significantly (p<0.05) on serum lipids of male turkey. Keywords: Extruded; Male turkeys; Performance; Soybean; Serum lipids Introduction Growth depression efects due to anti-nutritional factors (ANF's) present in soybeans have been well documented for more than half a century [1,2]. Tere are few recent works on the infuence of the level of use and processing of beans on productivity in turkeys. However, when preparing formulations in practice, the percentages of use have increased recently, frequently discovering diets with inclusion levels of up to 25%. Tere are two reasons for this; on the one hand the excess linoleic acid is more harmful to the quality and the appearance of the turkey carcass than in the broiler carcass due to its lower fat content [3]. On the other hand diets for turkeys are very concentrated in protein (for newly-born) and in energy (fattening stages) and as a result, in both cases the composition and concentration of these two nutrients in the bean have high values. In fact, in current Spanish conditions more than 70% of the protein in the starter diets comes from soya. Other additional advantages of the bean in the European Union-15 are its nature as a plant and its high-unsaturated fat content. observed those turkeys between 2 and 3 weeks old digested fats 15% more efciently than chicks of a similar age [4], which corresponds with the results of Mossab for soybean oil [5]. Turkeys, as with chickens, are sensitive to the presence of trypsin inhibitors, with pancreatic hypersecretion and hypertrophy. Mian et al. [6] have discovered that the maximum level of trypsin inhibitors tolerated by this species was 2.5 mg/g of diet at three weeks and 3 mg/g of diet for animals above that age. Given that a feed for turkeys may contain up to 50% beans and soybean meal, the use of products that have been defciently processed is not suitable for newly- born animals. Moran et al. [7] compare soybean meal and raw or extruded whole soybean as a source of protein in turkeys of between 8 and 23 weeks of age. Te diets based on extruded beans produced equivalent results to those obtained with the control diet. As was expected, the animals that received raw beans displayed an important reduction in productivity. Turner et al. [8] obtained similar results in turkeys between 10 and 23 weeks old with diets based on soybean meal or 23% of two diferent types of whole roasted soybean. Paradis et al. [9] Obtained similar levels of production in turkeys from eight weeks old until sacrifce when the soybean meal was totally or partially replaced by extruded beans. Tis research aims to study the possibility of replacing soybean meal with diferent ratio of extruded full-fat soybean in male turkey diet, and determine the optimum ratios for replacement. Materials and Methods Processing of soybean: Whole soybean was gotten locally, the beans were brought to Oils factory in Damascus, for processing. Technological of soybean extruding was included: Soybean→cleaning→Grinding→Sofening→Flaking→Ten extruded without steam. Extrusion of fnely ground beans has performed in laboratory scale single screw extruder (Extruder model E-250, China). Te extrusion processing was performed using a single screw extruder (Extruder model E-250, China) which was powered by a 37 KW motor with an operating range of screw speeds from 0 to 250 rpm, with length/diameter ratio of 25, screw speed up to 250 rpm and outer screw diameter of 25 mm. feed rate 250 kg/hour, 140 g/kg feed Alsaftli, et al., J Veterinar Sci Technol 2016, 7:2 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7579.1000311 Research Article Open Access J Veterinar Sci Technol ISSN:2157-7579 JVST, an open access journal Volume 7 • Issue 2 • 1000311 J o u r n a l o f V e t e r i n a r y S c i e n c e & T e c h n o l o g y ISSN: 2157-7579 o J r u n l a o f V e t e r i n a r y S c i e n c e & T e c h n l o g o y ISSN: 2157-7579 Journal of V Journal of Veterinary Science & eterinary Science & Technology echnology