International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)
ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-9 Issue-4, February 2020
2787
Retrieval Number: D9090029420/2020©BEIESP
DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.D9090.029420
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
Abstract: Urban cities rely on surface water resources such as
lakes, rivers for their survival, anthropogenic activities, rapid
urbanization and industrialization had put thrust on such water
bodies in major cities across India. Bountiful research works
conducted also proves that such resources are rapidly depleting,
and it also conveys that very few reasons contribute to major
deterioration of lakes. Two major parameters that contribute to
this deterioration include discharge of sewage into the water
bodies and unplanned encroachments along the banks. This study
aimed as a sustainable water resource management technique to
rehabilitate a highly deteriorated tank in Kovilambakkam village,
Peri- urban in Chennai city, India. The tank which is one of the
primary sources of water for the area is affected highly due to
urbanization and the natural ecosystem is disturbed. A best
possible solution for rehabilitation is suggested using
Socio-Economic method utilizing qualitative analysis like a PRA
tools (Transect Walk, Focus group Discussion, Key Informant
Interview, Resource map, Semi-Structured Interview), measures
to improve and safe guard the lake were taken. To analyze the
performance of the work water quality analysis was done to verify
physical, chemical and biological parameters, both before and
after rehabilitation is done, it is found that the performance with
reference to biological parameters such as MPN index. Promising
results were obtained in this study restoring the lake to its original
condition which started serving the indigenous people proving the
effectiveness of the suggested method.
Keywords: Urban City, Rehabilitation, PRA Tools, Capacity
building, Drinking water, Participatory approach.
I. INTRODUCTION
Based on the renewable water resources available in our
country (India), we are ranked 7
th
in the world and 3
rd
among
all the other Asian countries. More over based on ground
water recharge it stands in 5
th
position among the world and
2
nd
among Asian countries (Sakthivadivel et al., 2016). It is
stated that many rural areas in the country entirely depend
upon the surface water resources for many purposes as
agriculture, households and more. Ground water availability
increases the chances in agriculture.(Suba, 2014). In the last
few decades raising human population have made the supply
of natural water limited owing to rapid depletion of ground
water quality and quantity thus creating water stress. Demand
for pure water resource increases day by day in urban cities of
Revised Manuscript Received on February 06, 2020.
* Correspondence Author
R. Gobinath, Professor, S R Engineering College, Warangal, Telangana,
India.Email: gobinath_r@srecwarangal.ac.in
S. Haripriya, Assistant Professor, S R Engineering College, Warangal,
Telangana, India. Email: haripriya_varma_s@srecwarangal.ac.in
N. Prabhanjan, Assistant Professor, S R Engineering College,
Warangal, Telangana, India. Email: prabhanjan_n@srecwarangal.ac.in
G. Sahithi, Assistant Professor, S R Engineering College, Warangal,
Telangana, India.Email: sahithi_g@srecwarangal.ac.in
Saravanan S. P., Assistant Professor, S R Engineering College,
Warangal, Telangana, India.
Rajesh J., Assistant Professor, S R Engineering College, Warangal,
Telangana, India.
India which is not supported by the disastrous rainfall pattern
India faces during the last two decades (Reddy, 2015;
Ramachandraiah and Sheela Prasad, 2004). Urban
infrastructure is unable to bare this burden and affecting the
urban dwellers with limited water resources. It is a great
challenge for administrators of any state to manage its water
resources to supply water to its rapidly developing urban
cities (Anuradha et al., 2009). Indian kings who ruled ancient
India had constructed numerous tradition surface storage
systems named as - ponds / lakes / talab / cheruvu / aari
(regional names of tanks) (Nagarajan, 2013; Palanisami and
Ruth Meinzen, 2001).
For the past 2000 years they helped in sustaining the
agriculture even in many dry areas of the country. This
includes dry zones of India as well as South East Asia. The
number of tanks availble in India are about 2.1 million. And
nearly 120,000 are existed in southern peninsula of the
country, covering many important states as Andhra Pradesh,
Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and union territory of Pondicherry
which takes into account 60% of tank based irrigation
(Vaidyanathan, 2001). Tanks that are well connected
supported the effective usage of water in arid and semi-arid
regions and certain management practices were implemented
at improving effective usage of water during drought
situations (Tennakoon, 1986;Frederick, 2008). But recently
there is a decline in the usage of traditional tanks owing to
alternation source availability such as reservoir, canal, lift
irrigation(Morun, 2007). Also there occurred a paradigm
shift towards usage of modern irrigation systems,
construction of artificial and larger reservoirs, dams, river
valley projects have considerable impact on usage of tanks
and they become a low key issue (Balasubramanian and
Bromley, 2002).
1.1 Tanks and their impact on irrigation
A tank by definition is an earthen bund that may be
constructed across a shallow valley or between two land mass
to sustain the rainfall runoff from its catchment area, they
may be isolated or cascading type in which the primary
surplus fills the next tank and it goes on until the last tank gets
filled in (Anuradha and Ambujam, 2012). Always in Tamil
Nadu are the main sources of irrigation covering huge
irrigation area from time immemorial, Figure 1. depicts the
area covered by tanks and other water bodies.(Asian
Development Bank,2006) and table 1 covers the information
about amount of tanks present in various districts of Tamil
Nadu
Tank Rehabilitation in Chennai Peri-Urban Area
Saravanan S. P., Gobinth R., Rajesh J., G. Sahithi, Neduri Prabhanjan, Sandela Haripriya