ELSEVIER Physica C 282-287 (1997) 190--193
PHYSICA G
EPR evidence for Jahn-Teller polarons in Lal_xCaxMnO3+y
A. Shengelaya, Guo-meng Zhao, H. Keller and K. A. Mfiller
Physik-Institut der Universitiit Ziirich, CH-8057 Zfirich, Switzerland
We present the results of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) study in the mixed valence perovskite
Lal-.CaffiMnOs+v for xeo and 1SO isotope substituted compounds. The characteristic differences observed in
EPR intensity and linewidth for the two isotope samples can be explained by a model in which a bottlenecked
spin relaxation takes place from the exchange-coupled constituent Mn 4+ ions via the Mns+ Jahn-Teller ions to
the lattice. For x----0.2 the ferromagnetic exchange energy J exhibits a lSo/lSo oxygen isotope effect of -,~-10~.
The observed isotope effects provide the microscopic evidence for the formation of Jalm-Teller polarons in doped
manganese perovskites.
I. Introduction
Recently, the ferromagnetic sys-
tems Lal_zMezMnO3+~ (where Me=Ca,Sr,Ba)
have become the focus of scientific and technolog-
ical interest because of the colossal magnetoresis-
tance (CMR) effects found in these materials [1].
Doped manganese perovskites are mixed-valent
systems containing Mn s+ and Mn 4+ ions. The
magnetic and electronic properties in these com-
pounds have traditionally been examined with
the double exchange (DE) model, which consid-
ers the transfer of an electron between neighbor-
ing Mn 3+ and Mn 4+ ions through the Mn-O-Mn
path [2]. However, recent theoretical considera-
tions indicated that DE alone does not explain
the CMR, and that polaronic effects due to a
very strong electron-phonon coupling should be
included [3,4]. The strong electron-phonon cou-
pling is expected because the electronic ground
state of the Mn 3÷ ions is degenerate and this de-
genera~:y is removed by a spontaneous distortion
of the surrounding lattice, known as the Jahn-
Teller (JT) effect [5]. A recent demonstration of
a giant oxygen isotope shift of > 20K on the fer-
romagnetic transition temperature T~ by Zhao et
al. [6] provided direct experimental evidence of
the strong coupling of the charge carriers to JT
lattice distortions and of JT polaron formation
[7] in Lai_=Ca~MnOs+y.
0921-4534/97/$17.00 © Elsevier Science B.V. All fights reserved.
PII S0921-4534(97)00 ! 92-5
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-50 1 , , i i t
2000 3OOO 4000 5O00
H(G)
Figure 1. EPR signal of 160 and 180 samples of
La0.sCa0.2MnO3+y measured at T:300 K under
identical experimental conditions. The fits with
Lorentzian line shape are indicated by solid lines.
2. Experiments
We measured the temperature dependence
(To < T < 3To) of the Electron Paramegnetic
Resonance (EPR) for ceramic powder samples of
La1_zCa~MnOs+y with x-0.1, 0.2 which were
substituted by different oxygen isotopes (160 and
IsO). The samples used here are the same as
those studied by Zhao et al. [6]. A strong sym-
metric EPR signal with a lineshape very close
to Lorentzian and g-value of 2.0 was observed