Open Journal of Nephrology, 2021, 11, 358-369 https://www.scirp.org/journal/ojneph ISSN Online: 2164-2869 ISSN Print: 2164-2842 DOI: 10.4236/ojneph.2021.113029 Aug. 19, 2021 358 Open Journal of Nephrology Epidemiological Clinical Profile of Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults under 50 at the University Hospital of Brazzaville Daniel Tony Eyeni Sinomono 1* , Ginesse Ndinga-Okaka Sedan 2 , Gael Honal Mahoungou 1 , Eric Pierre Gandzali Ngabe 3 , Richard Moukengue Loumingou 1 , Bertrand Ellenga-Mbolla 4 , Mohamed Arrayhani 5 , Tarik Sqalli Houssain 5 1 Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, University Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo 2 Hemodialysis Unit of the Medical Center for Specialists of the 15 years old plateau of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo 3 Departement of Nephrology, Edith Lucie Bongo General Hospital of Oyo, Oyo, Congo 4 Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo 5 Departement of Nephrology, University Hospital Hassan II of Fez, Fez, Morocco Abstract Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major global public health problem. In Congo, we have very few studies on it. Patients and Methods: We carried out an analytical cross-sectional study with retrospective data col- lection including patients aged 18 to 49 years, hospitalized for CKD in the neph- rology department of University Hospital of Brazzaville, during the period from January 1, 2016 to August 31, 2020. The variables considered were socio-demo- graphic, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary. The statistical test used was Pearson’s chi-square test. Results: CKD in those under 50 represented 21.1% of admissions and 35.6% of CKD. The mean age was 35.9 ± 8.4 years. There was a male predominance with a sex ratio of 1.27. Hyper- tension was the most common comorbidity (49.2%), followed by HIV (13.6%) and diabetes mellitus (13.2%). Stage 5 CKD was most prevalent (82.7%). Inde- terminate kidney disease was in the order of 55.9%. The low socioeconomic level (74.9% of cases) hampered the achievement of dialysis in 66.3% of pa- tients for whom this treatment was indicated. Failure to perform dialysis sig- nificantly influenced the occurrence of death (p-value = 0.005). Conclusion: CKD is common among people under 50 and more affects males with a high mortality rate due to lack of access to dialysis. The main causes are hyperten- sion and HIV. Keywords Chronic Kidney Disease, Epidemiology, Brazzaville How to cite this paper: Sinomono, D.T.E., Sedan, G.N.-O., Mahoungou, G.H., Ngabe, E.P.G., Loumingou, R.M., Ellenga-Mbolla, B., Arrayhani, M. and Houssain, T.S. (2021) Epidemiological Clinical Profile of Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults under 50 at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Open Jour- nal of Nephrology, 11, 358-369. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojneph.2021.113029 Received: June 4, 2021 Accepted: August 16, 2021 Published: August 19, 2021 Copyright © 2021 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Open Access