Research Article Population-andGender-BasedInvestigationforPrevalenceof Helicobacter pylori inDhamar,Yemen DharyA.Almashhadany , 1 SaraM.Mayas , 2 HeroI.Mohammed , 1 AbdulwahedA.Hassan , 3 andIzharU.H.Khan 4 1 Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil 44001, Iraq 2 Department of Biology, Collage of Applied Science, Tamar University, Dhamar, Yemen 3 Department of Veterinary Public ealth (DVP), College of Veterinary Medicine, University Mosul, Mosul, Iraq 4 AgricultureandAgri•FoodCanada,OttawaResearchandDevelopmentCentre,960CarlingAve.Ottawa,ONK1A0C6,Canada Correspondence should be addressed to Izhar U. H. Khan; izhar.khan@agr.gc.ca Received 24 October 2022; Revised 23 November 2022; Accepted 24 November 2022; Published 25 January 2023 Academic Editor: Alessandro Granito Copyright©2023HisMajestytheKinginRightofCanada.TisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Among 35 species of genus elicobacter, .pylori is the most common causative agent of human gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Te infection can spread through direct human•to•human contact, fecal–oral route, and contaminated water. Te study was designed to investigate the rate of prevalence of . pylori in the population of Dhamar, Yemen. In this one•year study, 460 including 250 male and 210 female stool specimens were collected between January to December 2020 in Dhamar Governorate, Yemen. Of the total 460, 215 rural (male: n = 120 and female: n = 95) and 245 urban (male: n = 130 and female: n = 115) specimens were investigated for identifcation of . pylori by serological test using elicobacter pylori stool antigen (HpSA) test. In addition, for comparing an improved recovery of . pylori, conventional culture•based isolation was also carried out using three selective media. Modifed Campy•blood Agar (MCA), Belo Horizonte Agar (BHA), and Egg yolk Emulsion (EYE) medium supplemented with antimicrobial agents including vancomycin (10 mg/L), cefsulodin (5 mg/L), trimethoprim (5 mg/L), and amphotericin B (5mg/L) and isolates were phenotypically characterized. Te HpSA test results revealed that of the total 460 specimens, 89 (19.3%) were positive for . pylori with relatively low in male (n = 43; 17.2%) as compared to the female (n =46; 21.9%) specimens. After 3–10 days of incubation, .pylori wasrecoveredatavariablerateoneachselective(MCA:16.5%;BHA:15.0%;EYE:13.0%)media. However, culture•based assay results showed less recovery (n =81; 17.6%) with no signifcant diference among all selective media tested and between genders (male: n = 39; 15.6%; female: n = 42; 20.0%). Te infection rate was comparatively higher in rural (n = 45; 20.9%) as compared to urban (n = 36; 14.7%) population. Overall, the study data showed the prevalence of infection in both genders of all age groups. Te present study showed a relatively high rate of infection of . pylori in the Dhamar population. Te serological identifcation and culture•based methods are important for rapid detection, aid in treatment, and developing policies for the control and eradication of . pylori infection and to prevent the disease in diferent age groups in Yemen. 1.Introduction Te species of genus elicobacter are microaerophilic, motile, and Gram•negative curved rods bacterium that belongs to the family elicobacteraceae. Currently, the genus consists of over 30 species that have been classifed into two major lineages: gastric and nongastric or enterohepatic [1]. Te gastric lineage represents only one•third of all elicobacter species that colonizeinthestomachofhumansandawiderangeofanimal species e.g., cattle, sheep, cats, dogs, monkeys, cheetahs, rhesus, ferrets, dolphins, and whales. Among eight eli• cobacter species of gastric group, . pylori ( 2–3.5 μm × 0.5 1.0 μm) is the representative species of medical importance and considered as a causative agent of active chronic gastritis, peptic and duodenal ulcer, gastric cancer, and mucosa• associated lymphoid malignancies in humans [2, 3]. In the Hindawi Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Volume 2023, Article ID 3800810, 10 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3800810