Imaging and Radiation Research (2022) Volume 5 Issue 2 doi:10.24294/irr.v5i2.1755 51 Original Research Article Initial results of magnetic resonance hysterosalpingography diagnostic performance Andrés Alejandro Kohan 1,2* , Mariana Cecilia Kucharczyk 1,3 , Natalia T. Posadas 1,4 , Noelia N. Napoli 1 , Santiago Jose Gil 5 , Nora Angélica Fuentes 6 , Ricardo Daniel García-Mónaco 1 , Carolina Rosa Beatriz Chacón 1 1* Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: andreskohan1@gmail.com 2 CERIM, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. 3 Servicio de Radiología, Instituto Oncológico Alexander Fleming, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. 4 Servicio de Radiología, Instituto Médico de Alta Complejidad, Salta, Argentina. 5 Servicio de Ginecología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. 6 Servicio de Medicina interna, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance hysterosalpingography (HSG-MRI), using laparoscopy as the reference method. Materials and methods: 22 patients were included. All underwent HSG-MRI with a 1.5 Tesla resonator and then laparoscopy with chromotubation. Two radiologists examined the MRIs, determining tubal patency by consensus. Descriptive and diagnostic performance analyses were performed. Results: HSG-MRI had a success rate of 91%. Study duration was 49 ± 15 minutes, volume injected 26 ± 16 cm 3 and pain scale 30 ± 19 out of 100. Sensitivity and specificity of HSG-MRI were 100% for global and left Cotte test, and 25% and 93.3% for right Cotte test, respectively. There were 2 minor complications and no major complications. Discussion: our initial results demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity. Although other studies analyzed the ability of HSG-MRI to assess tubal patency with good results, the use of a flawed reference standard left room for reasonable doubt, preventing a recommendation based on solid evidence. However, when comparing our results with those published, we observed a high degree of concordance insofar as the positive effusion is correctly diagnosed with a specificity of 100% or with a percentage close to this figure. Keywords: Hysterosalpingography; Infertility; Laparoscopy; Tubal Obstruction; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ARTICLE INFO Received: 1 June 2022 Accepted: 24 July 2022 Available online: 29 July 2022 COPYRIGHT Copyright © 2022 by author(s). Imaging and Radiation Research is pub- lished by EnPress Publisher LLC. This work is licensed under the Creative Com- mons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/ 4.0/ 1. Introduction Between 10 and 15% of couples have problems conceiving. Of this population, 40–50% of the causes are secondary to the female repro- ductive system: 20–25% due to the peritoneum, 2–5% due to the uterus and 10% due to the fallopian tubes as an individual cause, and 25–40% as a concomitant cause [1,2] . Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detects most of these pathologies, no irrefutable tests have yet been provided to determine its real capacity for the evaluation of tubal patency [2-5] . The most widely used method for this pathology is hysterosalpingography, although it is far from reliable, with a sensitivity of 53–65% and a specificity of ap- proximately 80–87% [6,7] . Chromotubation (the current reference method) requires a surgical procedure and general anesthesia. Although hysterosalpingography (HSG) remains the method of