Finite difference modeling to evaluate the improvements associated with a multicomponent towed
streamer measurement in Espirito Santo basin offshore Brazil
Franck Le Diagon, Yazil Abbas, Tim Bunting, Juliana dos Santos, and Carlos Montana, Schlumberger; Adelson de
Oliveira, Gilberto de Lima, Lucas Balancin, Gustavo Basta Silva, Filipe Borges, Glauco Sousa, and Roberto Dias,
Petrobras
Summary
The paper details a modeling project to understand the
uplift associated with a multicomponent towed streamer
acquisition and processing workflow in the Espirito Santo
basin offshore Brazil. A complex model was built
representing many of the common geological features in
the Espirito Santo basin including allochthonous salt
bodies, post-salt anticlinal generated fractures, volcanic
intrusions, and shallow meandering channels. Synthetic
seismic data was generated for a number of geometries,
both single and multicomponent, including a very densely
sampled control measurement. The synthetic measurements
were reconstructed/interpolated to a 12.5-m crossline
surface receiver sampling interval. The various datasets
were compared both pre- and post-migration. The results
suggest that the multicomponent measurement in
conjunction with multicomponent reconstruction better
samples the complex waveforms.
Introduction
Multicomponent towed-streamer seismic systems have
recently become available for hydrocarbon exploration
projects. A multicomponent towed streamer measures the
pressure field and the vertical and crossline particle
acceleration fields. The particle acceleration measurements
allow for derivation of the pressure gradient in the vertical
and crossline directions, which accommodate true 3D
receiver deghosting and reconstruction to spatial
frequencies well beyond those predicted by nyquist theory
(Robertson 2008). As with any new technology, the
industry has to go through the process of understanding
where the technology will provide the most uplift and
which geological and geophysical challenges it will best
address.
This paper summarizes a project in which the multi-
component towed streamer technology was evaluated using
computer simulations rather than in-field experiments. A
model was built which was representative of the
geophysical challenges in the Espirito Santo basin, and this
model was used to generate multicomponent synthetic
seismic data as well as conventional single-component
synthetic seismic data. The datasets were processed through
to final image after maximizing the spatial bandwidth of
the data to provide a number of different comparisons.
Earth model building
Accurate 3D velocity and density models are required to
generate seismic synthetic data. An area on the continental
rise of the Espirito Santo basin was selected to build these
models. The Espirito Santo basin is characterized by thick
autochthonous salt and shallower allochthonous salt bodies
with complex shapes which can be attached or separated
from the original salt. The shallow section is characterized
by faulting associated with the salt deformation which
could form hydrocarbon migration routes. Additionally, the
water bottom can be complex with wide canyons.
The velocity model was derived from a dense 3D velocity
field available in the area of interest. The deeper portion of
the 3D density model was built from well log data
extrapolated along interpreted horizons. An updated
version of Gardner’s relation was derived to convert the
velocity model to density, which was then used to populate
the shallow sediment layers of the density model. The
overall model size was around 19 x 11 x 5 km (Figure 1).
The model incorporated a complex allochthonous salt body
of constant velocity and density. This structure appears on
the North East corner of Figure 1. A 60-m thick, 2000-m
long and 3000-m wide surface was introduced into the
Figure 1: Earth model showing main geological structures and
density sections.
Page 3287
SEG Denver 2014 Annual Meeting
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