Jl. of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia (2003) 12 (4), 425-451 Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in an Elementary School: Students’ Engagement in Higher Order Thinking CHER PING LIM Nanyang Technological University Singapore LEE YONG TAY River Valley Primary School Singapore cplim@nie.edu.sg Based on a case study of an elementary school in Singapore, this article describes and analyzes how different types of ICT tools (informative, situating, constructive, and communica- tive tools) are used to engage students in higher-order think- ing. The discussion emphasizes that the objective of the les- son and the orienting activities, rather than the ICT tools, play an important role in engaging students in higher-order thinking. Different types of ICT tools are often used to com- plement one another to achieve the lesson objectives. How- ever, the classification of an ICT tool is based more on how it is used than its characteristics. Just-in-time ICT skills train- ing facilitates the students in their learning process. More- over, effective management of digital instructional resources that ensure seamless and easy retrieval supports the integra- tion of ICT into the curriculum. In the last two decades, research studies of information and communica- tion technologies (ICT) in education have shifted away from the analytic study of single learning and instructional variables towards the whole con- figuration of events, activities, contents, and interpersonal processes taking