RESEARCH BYTES Turkish Version of the Motivation for Changing Lifestyle and Health Behavior for Reducing the Risk of Dementia Scale Jane R. von Gaudecker In this issue of Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, Zehirlioglu and colleagues 1 report the findings of the psychometric testing of the Turkish version of Motivation for Changing Lifestyle and Health Behavior for Reducing the Risk of Dementia (MCLHB-DRR) scale. The article is an excel- lent example of the procedures that are necessary when translating a scale to a new language including psycho- metric testing involved. Study Purpose The purpose of the study was to test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the MCLHB-DRR scale. Significance Dementia is a growing problem among the aging popu- lation in Turkey, with no modifying treatment available at this time. Prevention of dementia is possible with a healthy lifestyle, but no study in Turkey has examined the levels of knowledge and behavioral tendencies for the purpose of reducing the risk of dementia. Further- more, there is no tool that can be used to measure the awareness, beliefs, attitudes, and motivation with regard to changing lifestyle to prevent dementia. Methods The participants (N = 220) were 40 years or older recruited from a primary clinic using convenience sampling. The participants were literates, spoke and understood Turkish, and agreed to participate voluntarily in the study. Individuals with dementia or psychiatric disorders, and visual and/or hearing impairments were excluded from the study. The Scale The MCLHB-DRR, which was designed to evaluate be- liefs and attitudes concerning lifestyle and behavioral changes in dementia, was developed in Australia. The scale has 27 items, with 7 subscales including perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, per- ceived barriers, cues to action, general health motivation, and self-efficacy. The items are rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1, strongly disagree; 5, strongly agree), and the total score ranges from 27 to 135. Higher score indicates high motivation to change lifestyle and health behaviors to reduce the risk of dementia. Development of the Turkish Version of MCLHB-DRR The scale was translated from English to Turkish and back- translated. Clarity was ensured by comparing the origi- nal version with the translated version and consulting with the author of the original version about items that were unclear. Content validity was confirmed by experts in psy- chometric analysis and dementia care. The experts' opinions regarding scale-level content validity (S-CVI) and item-level content validity index (I-CVI) were ranked using Davis Technique. After administering the MCLHB-DRR scale to 34 individ- uals, within 2 to 3 weeks, the individuals were reevaluated to assess the test-retest reliability. The internal consistency reliability was evaluated using a paired t test. After lan- guage and content validity was confirmed, a pilot study was conducted with 20 individuals. Statistical Analysis The level of concordance of these rankings was analyzed using a nonparametric Kendall W analysis. To assess for construct validity, confirmatory factor analysis was used, and Pearson χ 2 , degree of freedom, root mean square error of approximation, goodness-of-fit index, compar- ative fit index, and normal fit index were used for anal- ysis purposes. The Cronbach α value was calculated for reliability analysis. Results The mean (SD) age of 220 individuals who participated in the study was 57.64 (12.02) years. Most of them were mar- ried (75%), women (69.5%), and retired or unemployed (62.7%); 63.6% reported their income to equal to their ex- penses, 69.6% were living with their spouse and children, and 51.8% were living with at least 1 chronic disease. There were no significant differences between scores given by experts for each item: Kendall W = 0.223, P = .06. The lower limit of acceptability for a CVI is 0.80; an I-CVI of 0.78 or higher and an S-CVI of 0.90 or higher are the minimum acceptable indices. The CVI of the MCLHB-DRR Turkish version was 0.99, the I-CVIs for the 27 items were between the ranges of 0.88 and 1, the S-CVI for 6 subscales was 1.0, and it Questions or comments about this article may be directed to Jane R. von Gaudecker, PhD RN, at jvongaud@iu.edu. She is an Assis- tant Professor, Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, IN. The author declares no conflicts of interest. Copyright © 2019 American Association of Neuroscience Nurses DOI: 10.1097/JNN.0000000000000453 Volume 51 & Number 3 & June 2019 127 Copyright © 2019 American Association of Neuroscience Nurses. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.