Open Access Research Article Jha et al., J Pharmacogn Nat Prod 2016, 2:4 DOI: 10.4172/2472-0992.1000123 Journal of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products J o u r n a l o f P h a r m a c o g n o s y & N a t u r a l P r o d u c t s ISSN: 2472-0992 J Pharmacogn Nat Prod, an open access journal ISSN: 2472-0992 Volume 2 • Issue 4 • 1000123 Abstract The Natural Herbal Oil Formulation (NHOF) have been designed to work against White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) in Shrimp. The essential oil blend extracted from the following plants, Lavandula latifolia, Pinus sylvestris, Jasminum offcinale, Citrus limon, Prunus avium, Viola odorata, Gardenia jasminoides, Cocos nucifera, Rosa damascene and Eucalyptus globulus, mixed together to develop as anti-WSSV product. The product were added in the feed, as feed additive. Another product developed which was applied in tank water as water supplement named as “Pondguard” (Reg no. KKP RI no. D16060285-HBC). The Pondguard is composed of three essential oils i.e., Eucalyptus globulus, Pinus sylvestris and Lavandula latifolia. A bioassay trial was conducted to determine the effcacy of developed formulation as an anti-WSSV candidate. The experimental shrimp was fed on NHOF-mixed feed and “Pondguard” applied in the tank water whereas control shrimp were fed on the regular feed. The shrimp of both experimental and control were challenged by WSSV on 15 th day of feeding. Two methods of WSSV challenge were applied, per-os challenge and immersion challenge. The cumulative mortality in positive control reached up to 100% on DPI 10 whereas no mortality appeared in the experimental group and in negative control. The trial results show that the developed natural herbal formulation has signifcant effect against WSSV in a controlled condition. Effectiveness of Natural Herbal Oil Formulation against White Spot Syndrome Virus in Penaeus vannamei Rajeev Kumar Jha*, Yousef Haig Babikian, Haig Yousef Babikian, Soy Daniel Wisoyo, Yuli Asih, Sarayut Srisombat and Benjamin Jiaravanon PT Central Proteina Prima, Indonesia Introduction White Spot Syndrome Virus is the most deadly pathogen of cultured shrimp [1,2]. Te cumulative mortality in infetcted shrimp reaches up to 100% in 4-7 days in lab and 10-14 days in the ponds [3-6]. Te intensity of infection and severity depends on the viral load. Te stress factors, like, fuctuation in critical water quality and environmental parameters, like temperature, pH and Dissolved Oxygen parameters stimulates the process of infection. Researchers and technicians have been continuously triying to control the spread of White Spot Viral Disease [7]. Te limited knowledge on the mode of action and method of application of various agents restricts the success [8]. Various plants in the form of phenolic, polyphenolic, alkaloid, quinone, terpenoid, lectine, and polypeptide compounds etc. have shown anti-viral properties. Various eforts have been made to identify the anti-WSSV properties in the plants, such as, Cynodon dactylon [9,10], Durio zibethinus Murr (Durian) [11] and Ceriops tagal [12] and Eucalyptus spp. and Plelargonium roseum [13]. A successful efort has been made to develop a formulation by adding essential oil blend extracted from ten plants together and mixed it with the feed as feed additive. Te feed was supported by a liquid formulation, named as Pondguard, containing three essential oil extract. A trial was conducted to determine the efcacy of feed with Natural Herbal Oil formulation and Pondguard against White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) in Penaeus vannamei [14]. Materials and Methods Bioassay lab and glass aquaria A bioassay trial was set-up using 10 aquaria each for experimental groups as well as for control groups. Te Specifc Pathogen Free (SPF)-juvenile shrimp of average weight 0.25 g, 10 in number were maintained in each aquarium. Te glass aquaria were cleaned, sun dried and disinfected with 70% alcohol. Each aquarium was flled with 5 L of seawater provided with required Dissolved Oxygen (DO) supply. *Corresponding author: Rajeev Kumar Jha, PT Central Proteina Prima, Indonesia, Tel: +62-21 57851788/206; Fax: +62-21 57851808; E-mail: rajeev.kumar@cpp.co.id Received September 23, 2016; Accepted October 12, 2016; Published October 17, 2016 Citation: Jha RK, Babikian YH, Babikian HY, Wisoyo SD, Asih Y, et al. (2016) Effectiveness of Natural Herbal Oil Formulation against White Spot Syndrome Vi- rus in Penaeus vannamei. J Pharmacogn Nat Prod 2: 123. doi: 10.4172/2472- 0992.1000123 Copyright: © 2016 Jha RK, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Water quality parameters Te seawater utilized during the experiment was gone through the process of sedimentation, fltration and disinfected with 30 ppm active chlorine and fnally treated with Ultra Violet radiation (SS-L75W, Matala Water Technology, Taiwan). Te water quality parameters maintained during the trial were as followed, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (>5 ppm), Temperature (27 ± 1oC), Salinity (20 ppt), pH (7.5-8.15) and alkalinity (80-120 ppm). Experiment start Te duration of trial was of 30 days i.e., 5 days acclimatization, 14 days feeding, day 15 challenge and from day 16 onwards continues feeding and observation for 10 days. Shrimp of treatment group were fed on experimental feed whereas regular feed was fed to the control. Tere was no change in feed quality and the rate of feeding throughout the experiment. Te liquid supplement, Pondguard was applied on daily basis in experimental tanks throughout the experiment. Te shrimp were observed intensively for their behavior and feeding rate and cumulative mortality during the trial. Shrimp food Te shrimp feed was produced in Feed Mill of PT. Central Proteina Prima, Indonesia. Treatment group of shrimp was fed on experimental