Supporting Information for
Dynamic covalent assembly of stimuli responsive vesicle gels
Christophe B. Minkenberg, Wouter E. Hendriksen, Feng Li, Eduardo Mendes, Rienk Eelkema,
and Jan H. van Esch*
Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
General
Diamines D
3
(1,3-diamino-propane), D
4
(1,4-diamino-butane), D
5
(1,5-diamino-pentane) D
6
(1,6-diamino-hexane), D
7
(1,7-diamino-heptane), D
8
(1,8-diamino-octane), D
9
(1,9-diamino-
nonane), and D
10
(1,10-diamino-decane) are commercially available from Sigma Aldrich and
Acros Organics and were used without further purification. Aldehyde A (N,N-dimethyl-N,N-
di(3-(4-formylphenyl)propyl)ammonium bromide) was synthesized according to a previously
published procedure.
S1
LC-MS was performed on a Shimadzu LCMS-2010A instrument
using a Xbridge shield RP 18 5μm 4.6*150mm column using a H
2
O/ethanol gradient
acidified with 0.1% TFA with an injection volume of 40μl and a flow of 1.0 ml/min.
Critical Gelation Concentration (CGC) determination
After mixing aqueous solution of A and D in 1 cm vials, the samples were vortexed and
stabilized overnight. A material was considered to be a gel when no flow was observed in an
inverted vial over the course of 8 hours.
Fluorescence spectroscopy
Fluorescence spectroscopy was performed on a Jasco J-815 CD-spectrometer equipped with
emission accessory at 25°C. The temperature was controlled using a Jasco PFD 4252/15
Peltier temperature unit. All samples contained Nile Red probe in 2 µM concentrations and
were excited at 550 nm. It should be noted that already at very low concentrations of A●D
n
([A]
0
< 0.5mM) a small but significant blue shift in Nile Red emission from 660 nm (pure
water) to 650 nm was observed, most likely due to the formation of premicellar
aggregates.
S1,S2
Figure S1: a) CAC determination for A●D
7
(blue) and A●D
9
(red), using Nile Red fluorescence
spectroscopy.
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications
This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012