TEM Journal. Volume 11, Issue 4, pages 1748-1757, ISSN 2217-8309, DOI: 10.18421/TEM114-41, November 2022.
1748 TEM Journal – Volume 11 / Number 4 / 2022.
Expert System for the Prevention of
Occupational Risks in Construction -
Residential Buildings
Gustavo Hurtado
1
, Rosario Rojas
1
, David Mauricio
1
, José Santisteban
2
1
School of Systems and Computer Engineering, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias
Aplicadas (UPC), Lima, Peru
2
AI Group, National University of San Marcos (UNMSM), Lima, Peru
Abstract – Construction companies consider it a
priority to prevent occupational accidents and diseases,
despite this, accidents in this sector prevail. This study
presents OHSYS, an expert system specialized in the
prevention of occupational safety in the construction of
residential buildings, which evaluates a building
project and it is recommended to security officer,
actions to mitigate occupational risks. The results show
that the number of recommendations increases on
average by 7 and 13 for OSH levels of 90% and 100%
when using OHSYS. In addition, the satisfaction,
usability, and efficiency survey applied to 10 experts
show that OHSYS has a very high score (4.5 out of 5).
Keywords – expert system, building, occupational
safety, regulations, occupational hazards.
1. Introduction
The construction industry accounts for 13% of the
world's GDP ($10 trillion) with projected growth of
$15.5 trillion by 2030 led by China, India and the
USA [1]. The subsector of residential building
construction, in 2017, billed $4,171.3 billion, and it
is estimatedthat by 2022 it would reach $6,800.9
DOI: 10.18421/TEM114-41
https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM114-41
Corresponding author: David Mauricio,
School of Systems and Computer Engineering, Universidad
Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Lima, Peru.
Email: pcsidmau@upc.edu.pe
Received: 26 August 2022.
Revised: 03 October 2022.
Accepted: 18 October 2022.
Published: 25 November 2022.
© 2022 Gustavo Hurtado et al; published by
UIKTEN. This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs 4.0
License.
The article is published with Open Access at
https://www.temjournal.com/
billion with an annual growth rate of 10.3% [2]. For
[3], this subsector delivers a value added of 23% to
industry and is the third with the highest productivity
below the industrial and civil sectors. However, this
industry is one of the most dangerous due to its high
rate of occupational accidents, reaching 20.5% and
11.6% in occupational deaths and non-fatal
accidents, respectively, in Europe, in 2018 [4], and
19.89% of occupational deaths with a cost of $1.29
billion and $87.62 million for accidents in the USA,
in the year 2019 [5]. Work-related hazards stem from
unsafe working conditions and unsafe work
behaviors [6], [7] defines risks as the likelihood of
harm or injury to specific people or groups exposed
to the hazard (a risk is created by a hazard). For [8],
the risk factors that most influence safety in the
sector are lack of coordination, poor work and
organization, economic and time pressure, low
involvement of workers in safety, inadequate
training, poor selection and use of equipment, and
low awareness. In addition, it is observed that the
design of safety in construction can help reduce risks,
as 42% of accidents are related to this task. It is
estimated that the violation of occupational safety
and health (OSH) management represents 4% of the
world's Gross Domestic Product each year [9]. In
recent decades, countless efforts have been made to
promote safety and health in work environments
worldwide through regulations and compliance with
the measures correctly implemented. This is because
it has been proven that the creation of a culture of
safety prevention reduces the risk of incidents, as
they register 64% fewer security incidents and 58%
fewer hospitalizations [10]. In addition, information
technology reduces the complexity of processes in
organizations [11]. Therefore, the prevention of
occupational risks is one of the main concerns in
many countries since occupational accidents
represent a significant source of risk. Therefore,
companies must have a culture of prevention that
allows identifying the risks involved in the work of