Int J Cur Res Rev | Vol 14 • Issue 10 • May 2022 75 Impact of Glossopharyngeal Breathing on Expectoration, Airway Clearance and Vital Capacity in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: A Cross- Sectional Study Urooj Bhatti 1 , Sikandar Ali Sangrasi 2 , Sadia Effendi 3 , Feriha Fatima Khidri 4 , Waseem Shaikh 5 , Keenjher Rani 6 1 M.B.B.S, Ph.D., Assistant Professor Physiology Department Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences (LUMHS) Jamshoro, Sindh; 2 Assistant Professor Physiotherapy Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences LUMHS, Jamshoro, Sindh; 3 Assistant Professor Anatomy Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro, Sindh; 4 Associate Professor, Biochemistry Department Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro; 5 Lecturer, Anatomy Department Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro; 6 Associate Professor, Physiology Department Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro. Corresponding Author: Urooj Bhatti (M.B.B.S, Ph.D.), Assistant Professor Physiology Department Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences (LUMHS) Jamshoro, Sindh; Email: urooj.bhatti@lumhs.edu.pk ISSN: 2231-2196 (Print) ISSN: 0975-5241 (Online) Received: 06.04.2022 Revised: 24.04.2022 Accepted: 07.05.2022 Published: 20.05.2022 INTRODUCTION In Pakistan tuberculosis is frequently found, as it affects al- most a quarter population of the Globe. 1 It is more preva- lent because of the increased number of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus, bacterial resistance to medications, increased international travel and the growing numbers of the homeless and drug abusers. 2 In the absence of treatment, death ensues in 80 percent of cases of tubercu- losis. 3 In 2017, World Health Organization(WHO) reported the mortality rate due to tuberculosis was about 1.3 million. 4 Tuberculosis is the 2nd deadliest infectious disease worldwide and has become a special health concern, especially in Paki- stan. 2 Immunological deficient individuals are vulnerable to Tuberculosis caused by the mycobacterium genus complex. 5,1 Research Article International Journal of Current Research and Review DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31782/IJCRR.2022.141012 IJCRR Section: Healthcare ISI Impact Factor (2021-22): 2.176 IC Value (2020): 91.47 SJIF (2020) = 7.893 Copyright@IJCRR ABSTRACT Introduction: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis is the main agent causing Pulmonary Tuberculosis spread by droplet nuclei that remain airborne for minutes to hours after expectoration via coughing, talking, sneezing or singing. TB is characterized by ac- cumulated mucous in the airway creating a favorable environment for secondary host infections to grow, reduced vital capacity, weakness of respiratory musculature, atelectasis leading to respiratory failure. Aim: To assess the impact of glossopharyngeal breathing on expectoration, airway clearance and vital capacity in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Methodology: Inpatient tuberculosis patients were selected via a simple random sampling technique with a sample size of 197 participants. The application of Glossopharyngeal Breathing (GBP), with the objective of facilitating cough by piston pumping maneuver for exculpating the mucus from lungs hence aims to increase the vital capacity and overall lung compliance. Before and after performing glossopharyngeal breathing, the vital capacity was measured with a spirometer for assessing the outcomes. Results: The increase in exculpating mucus rate with aid of a different breathing pattern, glossopharyngeal breathing was ben- eficial in increasing lung compliance and vital capacities (p-value of 0.0001) and also enhancing the strength of the respiratory muscle in patients who are suffering from decreased breathing rate due to accumulation of mucus in the airway. Conclusion: The experimental study has established data on the effects of GPB on expectoration, VC and chest tightness in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. According to the data collected, the average age affected was adults with weak immunity. Research shows that assistance for physiotherapists and other health care providers in hospitals as it is cost-effective, easy to perform and less time-consuming. Key Words: Pulmonary tuberculosis, Glossopharyngeal breathing, Adults, Expectoration, Lung compliance and vital capacities, Piston pumping maneuver