IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, VOL. 57, NO. 10, OCTOBER 2010 3343
Power Engineering and Motion Control Web
Laboratory: Design, Implementation, and
Evaluation of Mechatronics Course
Andreja Rojko, Member, IEEE, Darko Hercog, Member, IEEE, and Karel Jezernik, Senior Member, IEEE
Abstract—During the E-learning Distance Interactive Practical
Education project, 13 partners from 11 European countries joined
together to build a power engineering and motion control remote
laboratory, which would offer 18 complete online courses with
remote experiments and high-quality documentation, to students
from the universities of all participating partners. The major
benefit of this project is the possibility of sharing expensive equip-
ment and lessening the burdens of technical and organizational
problems. This paper outlines the project’s goals, organization,
and, as an example, realization of one of the project’s modules. The
described module is a mechatronics motion control course, which
explains the most important aspects of motion control design,
from modeling, simulations, control design, experimental valida-
tion, and comparison between various controllers. The technical
solutions, educational strategy, and realization details are given
for the module. The pilot testing of the module was performed to
assess the module and find out what the students’ personal attitude
concerning e-learning and remote experiments. The results of
testing are presented and discussed.
Index Terms—Distance education, engineering education,
mechatronics, motion control, power engineering, remote
laboratories.
I. I NTRODUCTION
M
ECHATRONICS and automatic control engineers
should be able to identify components of the control
system, to model and analyze individual elements, to design
the control system, and to tune the controllers’ parameters in
such a way that the system operates in accordance with given
specifications. However all topics become much more apparent
when considered as a theory and coupled with an analysis of the
real-time operation on target system. Therefore, it is beneficial
that students test their designed control algorithms not only
by using the simulations but also on a real system. In such
a way, the students also become acquainted with real-world
features and gain experience and knowledge, which cannot be
obtained by only performing simulations. Although classical
hands-on laboratories are very useful and educational, they
Manuscript received January 8, 2009; revised June 2, 2009; accepted July 29,
2009. Date of publication September 1, 2009; date of current version
September 10, 2010. This work was supported by the European Community
within the framework of the Leonardo da Vinci II Program under Project
CZ/06/B/F/PP-168022.
The authors are with the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sci-
ence, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia (e-mail: andreja.rojko@
uni-mb.si).
Color versions of one or more of the figures in this paper are available online
at http://ieeexplore.ieee.org.
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TIE.2009.2031189
have many limitations regarding space, time, and staff costs.
They are usually fully occupied, and yet, the students still
have to conclude their research within the time allotted for
experimental work. The problems with traditional laboratory
work could be avoided by using remote experiments and remote
laboratories. During remote experimentation, students operate
within the real system, although not physically present in the
lab. Furthermore, they can conduct their experiments by access-
ing the lab when they most need it and from a remote location
which is more convenient for them. Remote laboratories are
mainly used within the academic field to enhance classroom
lectures, to share research equipment, and to supplement the
learning process. In addition, a remote lab efficiently solves
those problems occurring during the course schedule planning,
particularly when educating part-time students, participants in
the programs of life-long learning, and students from abroad or
when working with large groups of learners.
A variety of different remote experiments and remote labora-
tories have been developed in the field of mechatronics and au-
tomatic control [1]–[24] by using many different technologies
[25]. These remote experiments include different objects under
control, such as direct-current (dc) motor [1]–[11], inverted
pendulum [1], [2], [14]–[17], [20], [21], magnetic levitation [1],
[2], coupled tanks [1], [2], [13] [17], [18], helicopter [1], [2],
[12], [13], [18], ball and beam [2], and others. In the majority
of existing solutions, remote users can execute experiments,
change predefined controller parameters, observe results as text
or graphical views, and download the experimental results.
Some remote labs also include additional functionalities, such
as testing a custom-designed controller [1], [2].
Although remote experiments seem to be very useful and
educational, a lot of hard work is needed when setting them
up. Design of a course that is supplemented by remote experi-
ments presents both educational and technical challenges. The
educational challenges deal with the problem of how to design a
course that presents the subject matter in a clear and interesting
manner and in the form of e-materials supported by suitable
remote experiments. The second even greater educational chal-
lenge is how to encourage the students’ active engagement in
the learning process and enhance their interest as the whole
course is online and there are only occasional contacts between
lecturer and learner. Most technical challenges arise from the
problem of preparing reliable and good-quality remote exper-
iments. The experiments are expected to be available all the
time and cover most of the course’s topics. When experimental
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