Food Packaging and Shelf Life 27 (2021) 100611 2214-2894/© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Artifcial intelligence application for classifcation and selection of fsh gelatin packaging flm produced with incorporation of palm oil and plant essential oils Nat´ acia da Silva e Silva a, b , Fabricio de Souza Farias c , Mauricio Madson dos Santos Freitas a , Enrique Jos´ e Greg´ orio Pino Hern´ andez d , Vanderson Vasconcelos Dantas b , Marcos Enˆ e Chaves Oliveira e , Maria Regina Sarkis Peixoto Joele f , Lúcia de F´ atima Henriques Lourenço a a LAPOA / FEA (Faculty of Food Engineering) Federal University of Par´ a, Rua Augusto Corrˆ ea 01, Guam´ a, Bel´ em, Par´ a, 66075-900, Brazil b Food Technology Department, Estadual University of Par´ a, UEPA, Camet´ a, Par´ a, Brazil c Faculty of Information Systems, Federal University of Par´ a (UFPA), Camet´ a, Par´ a, Brazil d CEB/Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, 4710-057, Portugal e Embrapa Eastern Amazon, Bel´ em, Par´ a, Brazil f Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Par´ a, Department of Food and Science Campus, Castanhal, Par´ a, Brazil A R T I C L E INFO Keywords: Waste Artifcial intelligence KNN algorithm Oil palm Active packaging ABSTRACT The k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm was used to classify and select biodegradable packaging produced from fsh gelatine incorporated with palm oil and clove and oregano essential oils. All reinforced flms are highly resistant to attraction, with an emphasis on a sample of clove essential oil with a value of 53.18 MPa. Also, the addition of palm oil and essential oils increases the elasticity and thickness of the packages. The packages have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties with an inhibition zone for S. aureus of 11.73 and 11.23 mm for the flm with essential oil of oregano and flm with palm oil, respectively. KNN proved to be effcient for the classifcation and selection of packaging. The results highlighted the packaging with clove essential oil as the best for pre- senting the highest values of antioxidant activity, tensile strength, and elongation. Palm oil is an interesting alternative for applications in biodegradable flms due to its antimicrobial activity, antioxidant properties, abundance, and low cost. Packaging made of fsh gelatin with the addition of vegetable oils is a promising alternative for food applications. 1. Introduction The fsh processing industries generate about 70 % of waste about the fnal product. These residues can be used as raw material for the preparation of other products, contributing to the reduction of biological residues, which cause damage to the environment, in addition to reducing the economic losses of the fshing industries (Feltes et al., 2010; Karim & Bhat, 2009). Gelatin is a protein derived from the partial hydrolysis of collagen, which can be obtained from fsh processing waste. It is used in the food and pharmaceutical industry, and recently its use has expanded to other applications, such as the preparation of biodegradable active packaging (Ahmad, Nirmal, & Chuprom, 2015; Silva, Lourenço, & Pena, 2017). Active packaging not only protects but also interacts with the packaged product, providing desirable effects and extending its shelf life. Among the several types of active packaging, this study highlights the flms that include oils that provide antimicrobial activity, modifed atmosphere packaging, and oxygen and ethylene absorbers (Vermeiren, Devlieghere, Beest, Kruijf, & Debevere, 2000; Silva, Lopes, Da Silva, & Yoshida, 2016; Pirsa, Sani, & Khodaeivandi, 2018; Pirouzifard, Yor- ghanlu, & Pirsa, 2019; Chavoshizadeh, Pirsa, & Mohtarami, 2020). These oils have been studied because they have antioxidant and antimicrobial activity and contain compounds such as carvacrol, thymol, eugenol, and carotenoids. Several studies have indicated that these oils can be added to biodegradable flms obtained from natural polymers such as chitosan and/or gelatin (Wu et al., 2014; Silva et al., 2016). The preparation of biodegradable flms of fsh gelatin with the E-mail address: natacia@uepa.br (N. da Silva e Silva). Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Food Packaging and Shelf Life journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/fpsl https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2020.100611 Received 1 May 2020; Received in revised form 5 November 2020; Accepted 18 November 2020