www.springer.com/journal/13296
International Journal of Steel Structures 15(4): 827-834 (2015)
DOI 10.1007/s13296-015-1205-7
ISSN 1598-2351 (Print)
ISSN 2093-6311 (Online)
The Effect of Stiffener on Behavior of Reduced Beam Section
Connections in Steel Moment-Resisting Frames
M. Tahamouli Roudsari
1,
*
, F. Abdollahi
2
, H. Salimi
2
, S. Azizi
2
, and A. R. Khosravi
3
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
2
M Sc. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
3
M Sc. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Dezful Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dezful, Iran
Abstract
Reduced Beam Section (RBS) connections are a new type of connection which have been used in steel moment-resisting
frames since the 1994 Northridge earthquake. This study is primarily aimed at analyzing the effects of suitable web stiffeners
on preventing the deterioration effect of the hysteresis curve for RBS connections. Results of more than 183 nonlinear finite
element analyses on different IPE sections with radius cut, straight cut, and drilled-flange RBS connection showed that different
web stiffeners considerably contribute to the enhancement of seismic performance of RBS connections. In this research, the
effects of factors such as the geometry and the number of the stiffeners, the distance between the stiffener and column side,
and the length and thickness of the stiffener on the seismic performance of RBS connections were also studied.
Keywords: stiffener, RBS connections, steel moment-resisting frame, lateral torsional buckling, web buckling
1. Introduction
Moment-resisting frame connections are designed to
resist shear force and bending moment, create plastic
hinges, and dissipate the energy of earthquakes in cyclic
motions. Before the 1994 Northridge earthquake, steel
moment-resisting frames specifically designed for seismic
zones were commonly used in the United States. By then,
using the beam-column connection through groove welding
was highly prevalent as they were thought of as the type
of connection that can bear high degrees of plastic
deformation. However, in the Northridge and Kobe
earthquakes, researchers observed the spread of brittle
cracks and fractures in the connections (Chi et al., 1998;
Righiniotis and Imam, 2004). Therefore, it was perceived
that the assumption was flawed and hence the trust in
most typical connections incorporated into moment-
resisting frames was lost considerably.
In order to enhance the performance of moment-
resisting frames in powerful earthquakes, the following
two methods were proposed: reinforcing the connections
and weakening the beam in the vicinity of the connections.
The second method leads to the formation of plastic joints
outside of the connection and a decrease in the demand
for force and moment at the junction. This method led to
the development of a new type of connection known as
the Reduced Beam Section (RBS) connection. Notwithstanding
their major advantages, there are also disadvantages to
RBS connections such as increased concentration of stress
on the site of reduced beam section, slight structural
lateral strength and stiffness decrease, and an increased
possibility of local buckling on the web and also a higher
chance of lateral torsional buckling. Recently, numerous
studies have addressed RBS connections. Some of these
studies are referred to in the following.
In 2009 Ohsaki et al. studied the effect of cutting shape
on the hysteresis behavior of the reduced section. They
calculated the optimal shape of radius cut based on the
maximum possible amount of energy dissipation in a
cantilever beam. Using the ABAQUS software, they drew
a comparison between the results of calculations and
experimental results. Pachoumis et al. (2009, 2010),
conducted studies on RBS connections and their hysteresis
behavior. They confirmed appropriate behavior of these
connections based on the results of numerical and
experimental tests. They also suggested that the criteria
presented in AISC was unsuitable for the dimensions and
distances of cuts in RBS connections that have been made
of European built sections and called for modifying the
Received December 16, 2014; accepted May 28, 2015;
published online December 31, 2015
© KSSC and Springer 2015
*Corresponding author
Tel: +989183591051, Fax: +988337237470
E-mail: tahamouli@iauksh.ac.ir