~ 2334 ~ International Journal of Chemical Studies 2020; 8(5): 2334-2340 P-ISSN: 2349–8528 E-ISSN: 2321–4902 www.chemijournal.com IJCS 2020; 8(5): 2334-2340 © 2020 IJCS Received: 06-07-2020 Accepted: 15-08-2020 Archana TS Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India RK Mesta Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India N Basavaraj Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India NK Hegde Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India MP Basavarajappa Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India KC Kiran Kumar Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India SR Mulla Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India Corresponding Author: Archana TS Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India Evaluations of effective molecules against the pathogen complex causing rhizome rot of ginger Archana TS, RK Mesta, N Basavaraj, NK Hegde, MP Basavarajappa, KC Kiran Kumar and SR Mulla DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i5af.10652 Abstract Rhizome rot disease of ginger has become a major threat to all ginger growing areas causing huge economical losses. The complex nature of the pathogens involved in the disease makes the management strategies cumbersome. There is still a need to develop integrated disease management strategies by targeting all the pathogens involved in the complex disease development. In the present study, we have isolated five pathogens involved in the disease development such as Pythium, Fusarium, Sclerotium rolfisii, Ralstonea solanacearum and Meloidogyne incognita. A primary in vitro evaluation of seven different antibiotics such as Streptocycline, K-cycline, Plantomycine, Validamycin, Bactinash, Bactinashak as well as nine nonsystemic, eleven systemic, and twelve combi products were evaluated under lab conditions against the pathogen complex. Our results revealed that among the different antibiotics Streptocycline followed K-cycline, Bactinash, as well as COC, found most effective against Ralstonea solanacearum. Among the different non-systemic chemicals evaluated against the pathogen complex COC and propineb found effective against Pythium, mancozeb, captan, kavach were effective against Fusarium and all the non-systemic fungicides showed high inhibition against Sclerotium rolfisii. Systemic fungicides such as carbendazim, Tricyclazole, Tebuconazole, Alliete were found more effective against Pythium. Tricyclazole, Tebuconazole found effective against Fusarium, and fungicides such as Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, Tricyclazole, Myclobutanil, Azoxystrobin, Tebuconazole, Diniconazole were found effective against Sclerotium rolfsii. As compared to systemic and non-systemic fungicides, combi products were found more effective against all the pathogens involved in the disease complex. Keywords: Anti fungal, anti bacterial, percent inhibition Introduction Ginger is one of the earliest known oriental spices cultivated in India for both fresh vegetables and as a dried spice. It is used as a condiment, flavoring agent, in the preparation of non- alcoholic beverages and also known to have numerous medicinal properties. Ginger is cultivated in most of the states in India. However, states namely Karnataka, Kerala, Orissa, Sikkim, Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, and Gujarat are the major ginger growing states in India. The crop is affected by a variety of diseases like soft rot or rhizome rot, leaf spot, and bacterial wilt diseases. Among the major constraints of ginger production, rhizome rot is very important because of severe crop losses. It occurs in several parts of India wherever the crop is grown. The term rhizome rot is commonly used for all the diseases affecting the rhizome irrespective of pathogens involved since the ultimate result is the partial or total loss of rhizome. This particular disease is caused by the interaction of several plant pathogenic agents such as fungi, Bacteria, and Nematodes. The main pathogens associated with this disease include Fusarium spp, Pythium spp, Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, Pseudomonas spp, The infection starts at the collar region of the pseudostem and progresses upwards as well as downwards. The affected pseudo stem becomes water-soaked and the rotting spreads to the rhizome resulting in soft rot. Foliar symptoms appear as light yellowing of the tips of lower leaves which gradually spreads to the leaf blades. In the early stages, the middle portion of the leaves remains green while the margins become yellow. The yellowing spreads to all leaves of the plant from the lower region upwards and is followed by drooping, withering, and drying of pseudostems. Infected rhizomes can be pulled out easily appear black in color and emit foul smell (Dohroo, 2015) [8] .