www.scichina.com info.scichina.com www.springerlink.com Ground moving target signal model and power calculation in forward scattering micro radar LONG Teng 1 , HU Cheng 1† & MIKHAIL Cherniakov 2 1 Radar Research Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; 2 Electronic, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of the University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK Forward scattering micro radar is used for situation awareness; its operational range is relatively short because of the battery power and local horizon, the free space propagation model is not appropriate. The ground moving targets, such as humans, cars and tanks, have only comparable size with the trans- mitted signal wavelength; the point target model and the linear change of observation angle are not applicable. In this paper, the signal model of ground moving target is developed based on the case of forward scattering micro radar, considering the two-ray propagation model and area target model, and nonlinear change of observation angle as well as high order phase error. Furthermore, the ana- lytical form of the received power from moving target has been obtained. Using the simulated forward scattering radar cross section, the received power of theoretical calculation is near to that of measured data. In addition, the simulated signal model of ground moving target is perfectly matched with the experimented data. All these results show the correctness of analytical calculation completely. forward scattering micro radar, ground moving target, signal model, power calculation 1 Introduction In bistatic radar, one of the factors affecting the electromagnetic (EM) field strength and pattern at the receiver is the angle linking the target to the transmitter and the receiver. This angle is called the bistatic angle. When the bistatic angle is equal to or near to 180 degrees (forward scat- tering area), the target blocks the EM between the transmitter and receiver, and the correspond- ing shadow is created by the target. Therefore the received signal is not the reflection of target, but the shadow of target. This kind of radar system is referred to as forward scattering radar (FSR) system [1-4] . It has a number of promising features such as larger target radar cross-section (RCS) than that of traditional radar [2,5] ; applica- bility of shadow inverse SAR (SISAR) algorithms, high performance in automatic targets recognition and identification [6,7] , and robustness to stealth technology [8] . On the other hand, it also has some inherent limitations, including the absence of range resolution (potentially leading to a high Doppler clutter level) and operation within narrow angles relative to the transmitter-receiver baseline. In recent years, most of the researches on Received December 1, 2008; accepted June 8, 2009 doi: 10.1007/s11432-009-0154-1 † Corresponding author (email: cchchb@gmail.com) Supported partially by the Electro-Magnetic Remote Sensing Defence Technology Centre (EMRS DTC), established by the UK Ministry of Defence (Grant No. 1-27), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No. NCET-06-0162), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60890071-17, 60890072-13, 60890073) Citation: Long T, Hu C, Mikhail C. Ground moving target signal model and power calculation in forward scattering micro radar. Sci China Ser F-Inf Sci, 2009, 52(9): 1704–1714, doi: 10.1007/s11432-009-0154-1