4127/2018 Kennan First Monday, Volume 14, Number 2 - 2 February 2009 Monday The state of the nation : A snapshot of Australian institutional repositories by Mary Anne Kennan and Danny A. Kingsley '1111• paper provides ltle nrst full deeerlptlon of ltle SUlb.18 of Australian lnstltutlonel repoeltDrlea. Australia preMn18 an IMJlrestlng eaa. because of the government's eupport of instibrtional repoeitDriee end open-· A survey of all 39 Austrelian univerllitiee condue1Jld in SePtamber 2008 shows that 32 instiMions have active rel)Oel"lllrie$ and by end of 2009, 37 should !lave repoei11>1ie8. The ID1al number of open access itllms has risen Clramatieally since January 2006. Five instrtulion• repor1lld they have an lrw1fu.11'on--Mde open aoeees mandate, and eight are planning ID lmpleinent one. Only 20 un!verllltfes have funding tor their niposltDry staff end 24 univenllt!et have fulldrng fOf' lhell' repoe!tory platform, either as ongoing recurrent budOIUno or absorbed Into their 1nstt11.1t1ons• budgets. The remal'nlr\g ere 111111 project funded. The plalfor111 moet fnlquentjy used tor A-ll•n n1poe1tor1ea Is Fedons lNtltl Vllllll. llkMlt of the re111a1n1no sites use EPrtnta or ospaca. Contents l!l!n!dl!GtlpO !It c:lsG !'Ollld Mell'Qdology 1!!!11UU1 and d!!IQJfflOQ Oc!!'&kp!oos Introduction This paper alms ID provllla a 'snapahot' of the - of AUll!nlllen lnltfllJllonal n1posltDrlm as llt Septl!mber 2006. In doing so, It builds on slmllar research carw1uslng lnsttb.ltlonal repoelmrtes In parflcLMr counlrtls such as the Unlled Statm (lllllley, 111t11I., 2006; Lynch and Upplnc:otl;. 2005; R.lltn, lilt 111., 2007), Cenedll {Shearer, 2006), Br11111n (Wiison, 2006) and f'nlnas (Baruch, 2007). A camplam descrlpllan of the AUltrdan lnltfllJllonal repoeltDry sllulltlon does not curn1ntjy mclllt. 'lb dllm lhel'9 have been sevensl lnlll!rnatlonal surveys lnc:orponsllng datlll from AllPtnllian reposU:ortes lnclldrng an lnmnnatlanal stlJdy which looked at 13 nations (van Wl!rrtrfenen and Lynch, 2005}. The Information on AllPtnllia uAd In this paper was obtllllned by siendrng a survey ID - ldverslt.y l!brartan In Aulllnllia who answered lhe quMtlons (Vlln w.trlenen, 2005}. &ecel.llH!I lhe 1UVey did not dlsjl!ngulllh between diglllll lhe81111'9poaltDrlaa end lnlltfb.rtfon111 reposltDrtes, and because lhe IStllltlsttas requellllsd were v-nslly for averages aC70ISS the country, the p'k:llJre painted by thlll rween:h of the AUll!nlll11n 1'9posltDry slb.illtlon - somewhat optimistic. One 2007 survey sir-nmd dalll from 56 lnstltl.ltfOnel diglllll n1po11tDrlea fnlm 11 countrta1, lndudlng Aullnllia (Prtmary Reeeen:h 2007). Thie study ontv canY11saed ftve Aurrtn1ll11n unlYensltfes end has llttntctl!d some a1tfcl1m within the open 1c:ce111S community beC11uae of Ila amal sampk' m... given llll' worldwide nature of Its scope (Oppenheim, 2007). T!Mre are currently several Wlsb •llm which collate lnformltfon about repositories worldwfde, but these - problems for creating a definitive list for a single c:olrby. T'1e Registry of OP111n Aaiess R.lilpo&/lorffl& desertbes the pllllform the repository Is based on, when Iha repository was reglsll!red wllh the ISl!l'Ylce and glVes a Qlll!Ullllllle depofllt {!lrocly, 2007). However there Is no way of distinguishing whet type of deposits these ans (llTll!IM, or memdm-onry Items for example, do not II\: the criteria of open ac:cess pns- or poft-prlnt papers). In addition, whens en lnltfb.rtfon h11 changed ph1tfarms, the two repositories apper as Apa rate enlltfes, even If the eerier repository hes been abeorbed Into the newer one. Open.DOAR, another wartd-wfda lnsUtutfonal repository list, proytdas a desalplfon of ll'K' 1"41!1X11111Dry, the number of Items In It, the platform, the contient. and pollcle.s (Plnfleld, 2008). HoweVl!r this Information Is not c:omple!Z for every and In some cases the lntbrmetlon Is up ID two years old. Bolh of Web 5lll!s are discussed In depth In ano!her paper (Cerr and Brody, 2007). Qrrenllv there are sevens! web sll8 W which speclftc:ally contain Information about Austnl!an repositories. Hawner, these sll8 contain dtM!nent lntbnnlltfon (for example a list of URLs, software plllt!orm.s, and pollcles) butane lrreiiulllrty updlltl!d. The ARROW Dm:tJvetY Service W (ADS) nin by lhe Nlltlanal Ubnlry of AllPtnllla searches slmultlllneously aC70ISIS the contents of Australran unlvef"lllty re-ltorles. The Wl!l> llte 1110 lllta Iha number of Items rn each 1'1!t19SltDry and glVK statlsltc:s on popular creators and lnstfb.rtfons (ARROW, 2006). While IMR lllll!s are Vllluable re!SOW'CK fOf' llll' Austnlllan academic community, they are and It ls unclear when and how the lnformlltfon Is updated. Thl' newarch described In this paper wlll colllltle lnformlltfon alrndy avellable, provide Information for a spedftc moment In time and 1ddltfon11 lnformat1on lhat wfll Inform the open access and lnstfllltfOn repoaltDry communltfe1. k,. "+ +++++++++I Background A\Snlllan lns!lb.ltlonal reposl!Drfes present an lntierestfng case because the Austnlllan govemment has been pivollll In supporting the development ot lnstfllltfOnal In AUlllnllla. In 2002, rn a n!port to the AUllll'lllan government, Ille CNer Sdmlllt hlghllghlle(I (among many other ltllngt) the Importance of ltle acoesslbllty and dissemination of research (Balllemam, 2002). In 2003, as a major flJnder or ltle Auslrllllan government ltlrough ltle depat1ment responsible for research flJrldlng, allocalled flJrllls on a competfllYe basis for ltle development of research lnl'ormatlon lnlnuwcture lndudlng open aa:es.s lnslltutlanel repositories In universities. As a result a number of universltfe.s and con.sortlll began repository testing and lmplementllltlon ll'om lhl's time {Auslnlllan Dl!j:Nlrtment or Educetfan Science and 1hllnlng, n.d.}. Of the many projects supporte<I, ltlree -re directly rellltl!d to lnstfll.rtfonal repositories: • Australian Partnership l'or Sustllllnable Repositories (APSR); • Ausilnlllan Research Reposltorle5 Online to ltle World (ARROW); and, • Regional Universities Bulldlng Research lnl'nlstrucilJre Collabol"llllYely (RUl!RJC). The ARROW project comprised or a consortium of universltfe.s and the Nltfonal Ubrary or Austral le, focusing on lclentftylng and testfng software or solutions to support lnstfb.rllonel repositories. The APSR project focused on demonstrating the fellslblllty of using open source soflwllre tD establllll lnltfb.ltlonal reposltorfes apsble or providing open accesm to a broad spectrum or dlgltll objeetl relevant to the ree1m:h proce11. The RUBRIC project wa1 flJnded to 111.1pport 1m1ller unlvel"llltles to estllblllitl lnstlllJllonel reposltol'leSI using prodl.ICl:ll teslled or developed by ARROW and APSR (Shl111>, 2006). In 2003 a Councll or Aurllra1T11n l..Wverslt¥ Ubnlrtans (CAUL) 111.1rvey on lnstttut1an11 repotlb:lrles [J] ldenllft'ed stx univenlllles lhllt hid estllbllllhed e-prtnt rej!OSllDrtes. A further 14 universities -re consklerlng establishing a repository, and ten responded ltlllt ltley had no plans n:ir a reposlmry. Moll' recently a research evewl!on exm:ise aled Excellence In Research In Auslrlllla (BtA) Is being Implemented aaos.s al universities. One aspect or ltlls project,. tllle<l 'Ac:cenlblllty or Publlastfon1• wrn require universities to develop reposltorfes ID support open aCCl!SISI {Harvey, 2008}. In addition, the Govel'nment his alloc.elle(I AUS$25.5 mllllon to Australen unlvenltles In the 2007-2009 funding period fortl'le development of lnstfllJtfonal repositories for publlastfon reporting {Aullr'allan Government, 2008). Repo11tory u1e 11 alta being encauraged In other way1. In 201>7, ltle two large1t re1earcti flJndrng bodies In Aullralla requellled re<*lenls or their grants pla«' !tiff' results In a repository (AU!llnllllln Re1eardl Cound'I, 2007; Nallanel Health and Medical Retlellrdl c.ouncn, 2007). Despite thesle COfllllldenble rncen!lve1, or.tr 22 ol ltle 39 univenllles hid a repolltary llrlled on the ARROW Dlllcovery Service In Mlln:h 2oas, encl 26 are llllbed ltlere airrentfy {September 2008). Given govemmentfUndlng, 1tle ERA and changes world-wide In 1tle repository lllncl!lcape - envlAllge ltlllt con1lderable change Ill taking place. This paper plans ID document some or lhllt change and provide a snap.shot of AuslTllll11n lnstfll.rllonal repositories as of September 2008. This survey tlrgets those lnstfb.rllonel repositories In Austntllen universities providing open ac.:ess ID the academic output of the ln.stfll.rtfOn. Most AuslTlllllln unlvel"lltles hive a repollmry f'Or digital U- as pert or the AU111ral11l1n Dlgltll Ti- (At:n'} Pro.Jed: W, which beclme a netlonel project In 2000 at'ber being estabJltle<I by a government grant In 1997 {CAUL. 1997). Thlll wrvey l'oa.llles on a broader view of rae.en:h than jl.lllt lhe5eJI and we a1ked re1pondent11 not to report thesis only repositories. In addition, lnstfll.rllonal reposltorle.; ltlllt haVe been developed llt non-university research or government lnstfb.rtfons have not been lncUled In ltllll r-.erch. 119