Report Sleep-disordered breathing and type 2 diabetes A report from the International Diabetes Federation Taskforce on Epidemiology and Prevention Jonathan E. Shaw a, *, Naresh M. Punjabi b , John P. Wilding c , K. George M.M. Alberti d , Paul Z. Zimmet a a International Diabetes Institute, 250 Kooyong Road, Caulfield, Melbourne, VIC 3162, Australia b Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA c University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK d St. Mary’s Hospital, London, UK 1. Introduction Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is commonly found in patients with type 2 diabetes [1]. Recent research demon- strates the likelihood of a relationship between the two conditions independent of obesity [2]. Irrespective of the independence of relationship, the observed association of SDB with type 2 diabetes has important clinical, epidemiological diabetes research and clinical practice 81 (2008) 2–12 article info Article history: Received 1 April 2008 Received in revised form 28 April 2008 Accepted 30 April 2008 Keywords: Sleep-disordered breathing Type 2 diabetes Obstructive sleep apnoea Metabolic syndrome International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Insulin resistance abstract Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) has been associated with insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, and is frequently found in people with type 2 diabetes. SDB not only causes poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness, but has clinical consequences, including hypertension and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In addition to supporting the need for further research into the links between SDB and diabetes, the International Diabetes Federation Taskforce on Epidemiology and Prevention strongly recommends that health professionals working in both type 2 diabetes and SDB adopt clinical practices to ensure that a patient presenting with one condition is considered for the other. # 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. * Corresponding author. Tel.: +61 3 9258 5047; fax: +61 3 9258 5090. E-mail address: jshaw@idi.org.au (J.E. Shaw). Abbreviations: SDB, sleep-disordered breathing; CVD, cardiovascular disease; IDF, International Diabetes Federation; OSA, obstructive sleep apnoea; PSG, polysomnography; AHI, apnoea–hypopnoea index; ODI, oxygen desaturation index; CPAP, continuous positive airways pressure; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; HPA, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; PM, portable monitoring. available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/diabres 0168-8227/$ – see front matter # 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2008.04.025