April 2019 · Volume 8 · Issue 4 Page 1505
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology
Bhandari N et al. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Apr;8(4):1505-1510
www.ijrcog.org
pISSN 2320-1770 | eISSN 2320-1789
Original Research Article
Lactate dehydrogenase levels in preeclampsia and its correlation with
maternal and perinatal outcome
Nirmala Bhandari
1
*, Anjali Gupta
1
, Simmi Kharb
2
, Meenakshi Chauhan
1
INTRODUCTION
Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder which
complicates 5-8% of all pregnancies.
1
It is still regarded
as disease of theories and its etiology has been poorly
understood. There is increasing evidence that endothelial
cell and altered endothelial cell function play an
important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
2
Preeclampsia account for approximately 63,000 maternal
deaths annually worldwide.
3
In developed countries, the
maternal death rate is reportedly 0-1.8%. The maternal
mortality rate is as high as 14% in developing
countries.
4,5
The fetal mortality rate varies from 13-30%.
In India, the incidence of preeclampsia is reported to be
8-10% among the pregnant women.
6,7
Studies have
shown that LDH activity and gene expression are higher
in placentas of pre-eclampsia than normal pregnancy.
8,9
The effects of LDH in pregnancy related complications
like preeclampsia is now gaining attention. LDH is an
intracellular enzyme and its level is increased in these
ABSTRACT
Background: Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy occurs in approximately 6-8% of all pregnancies. The most serious
consequences for the mother and the baby are the result of preeclampsia and eclampsia. Lactate Dehydrogenase
(LDH) is an intracellular enzyme. Recently LDH has been suggested as potential marker to predict severity of pre-
eclampsia. The objective of the present study was to compare the serum lactate dehydrogenase levels in women with
preeclampsia and normal pregnant women and to correlate lactate dehydrogenase levels with maternal and perinatal
outcome in preeclampsia.
Methods: An observational prospective study was conducted on 200 antenatal women attending the labour room
emergency. Women with singleton pregnancy and cephalic presentation, from 28 weeks onwards were enrolled in the
study. Out of 200, 100 were normal pregnant women and 100 were preeclamptic women. Serum LDH levels were
measured in all women and maternal and perinatal outcome was assessed in terms of LDH levels.
Results: Higher levels of LDH was observed in pregnant women with preeclampsia (627.38±230.04 IU/l) as
compared to normal pregnant women (224.43±116.61 IU/l). The maternal complications were found to be maximum
in women with LDH > 800 IU/l. Abruption was the most common complication. The perinatal mortality and neonatal
deaths were found to have significant correlation with high LDH levels.
Conclusions: Maternal and perinatal complications were associated with higher LDH levels in preeclampsia patients.
Serum LDH levels can be offered to all patients of preeclampsia and can be used to predict the prognosis of
preeclampsia.
Keywords: Maternal outcome, Lactate dehydrogenease, Preeclampsia, Perinatal outcome
1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
2
Department of Biochemistry, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana,
India
Received: 11 February 2019
Accepted: 07 March 2019
*Correspondence:
Dr. Nirmala Bhandari,
E-mail: neerubh23@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20191208