Volume 3 • Issue 1 • 2021 Copyright © All rights are reserved by Yayan Akhyar. Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Diseases Review Article Citation: Yayan Akhyar and Novialdi. (2021). Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) as a Cause of Sleep Disorders. Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Diseases 3(1). Abstract Introduction: OSA is a medical disorder characterized by repeated episodes of the upper airway closure during sleep. The correct di- agnosis of OSA is essential, through a complete clinical history and thorough evaluation of the anatomical area of the upper airway. Literature Review: The inability to recognize OSA can adversely afect health conditions, as this disease is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Obesity is a major risk factor for the incidence of OSA. Surgical management was considered in patients with AHI> 15 events / hour and unable to tolerate or reject CPAP. Conclusion: Identifying the pattern and pathophysiology of airway obstruction in OSA is essential. The gold standard examination for OSA is polysomnography. An initial oropharyngeal anatomical evaluation to predict success management of OSA patients is neces- sary. Keywords: Drug-induced sleep endoscopy; Obstructive sleep apnea; Upper airway; Endoscopy Yayan Akhyar* and Novialdi Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia Received: May 22, 2021; Published: June 03, 2021 *Corresponding Author: Yayan Akhyar, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas Uni- versity, Padang, Indonesia. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) as a Cause of Sleep Disorders Introduction Sleep disorder breathing (SDB) is a condition with the manifesta- tion of snoring, which can be caused by upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS), obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). [1,2] OSA is a medical disorder characterized by repeated episodes of the upper airway closure during sleep. It is a common, often unrecognized, medical disorder characterized by repeated episodes of closure of the up- per airway during sleep. [3] These episodes result in stopping or significant reduction of airflow in ongoing breathing attempts. [4] The prevalence of OSA depends on the population of cases studied; atrial fibrillation 32-49%, myocardial infarction 60-65%, persis- tent arterial hypertension 64-83%, heart failure 50-68%, obesity 71-78%, and stroke 50-70%. [4] An estimated 14% in men and 5 % in women. A higher prevalence was also found in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. [4,5] OSA is very rare in nonobesity and pre-menopausal women. The prevalence of OSA is also reported to increase with age, especially in people over 60 years of age. [6] Various clinical prediction methods are used to assist in diagnosing patients with OSA probability, [7] including the Sleep Apnea Clinical Score, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Berlin Questionnaire, STOP- Bang, Cricomental Distance, OSA50, Elbow Sign Questionnaire and