www.cafetinnova.org
ISSN 0974-5904, Volume 10, No. 02
DOI:10.21276/ijee.2017.10.0235
April 2017, P.P. 378-382
Received: December 11, 2016; Accepted: February 27, 2017; Published: April 26, 2017
International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering, 10(02), 378-382, 2017, DOI:10.21276/ijee.2017.10.0235
Copyright ©2017 CAFET-INNOVA TECHNICAL SOCIETY. All rights reserved.
Effect of Height Variation of Closely Located Interfering
Buildings on Wind Loads on Tall Buildings
BHARAT SINGH CHAUHAN AND ASHOK KUMAR AHUJA
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, INDIA
Email: bharat32@gmail.com, ahujashok@gmail.com
Abstract: This research paper investigates the modification of wind loads on a tall building (principal building)
having rectangular cross-sectional shape due to the variation in height of two closely located interfering
buildings having a similar plan shape. The models of the three buildings (principal and interfering buildings)
are placed in a U shape plan for the study. The heights of interfering building models are varied in two
different manners: (1). Height of both the interfering building models is reduced simultaneously (2). Height of
only one of the interfering building model is reduced. Wind tunnel experiments are undertaken using five
component force balance load cell and the results are reported in the form of X-Y plots. The interference effect
causes increase in the torsional moment as height difference of the two interfering buildings increase, also
shielding effect causes reduction in the along wind force as height of the interfering buildings increases. Value
of torsion on the principal building is observed to be as high as 33 times of that in the isolated case. However, a
reduction is high as 69 percent is observed in the force in along wind direction due to shielding.
Keywords: Wind tunnel, Tall building, Rectangular plan, Interference effects, Height variation, U-Shape, Force
measurement.
1. Introduction
With the growing demand of tall buildings in
metropolitan cities due to population concentration,
the wind tunnel studies to understand effects of wind
on these tall buildings have started to become
inevitable. Information available in various codes of
practice on wind loads [AS/NZS: 1170.2 (2002),
ASCE: 7-02-2002, EN: 1991-1-4-2005, IS: 875 (Part-
3) 2015] provide guidance limited to isolated cases
only. Many researchers have carried out the studies in
the area of the effect of wind on tall buildings due to
the presence of other interfering buildings. It has been
shown that the wind loads on tall buildings are greatly
affected in the presence of closely located interfering
buildings [Khanduri et al. (1998)].
The significance of interference studies on wind loads
on tall buildings has been shown by several research
studies in the past. Khanduri et al. (1998) analyzed
the experimental data available on interference studies
and concluded that the wind loads on the principal
building are greatly affected if the interfering building
is closely located. Xie and Gu in 2004 studied the
effect of interference on square plan shaped principal
building due to the presence of one and two
interfering buildings also having square plan shape by
varying the location, height and plan size of the
interfering buildings. In 2008 Amin carried out wind
tunnel experiments to study the effect of interference
on rectangular plan shape buildings having aspect
ratio of 1:2.5 and 1:1.5 due to the mutual presence of
the buildings arranged in L - and T -shape patterns,
concluding that the wind loads on the buildings are
greatly affected by the arrangement, wind direction
and relative dimensions of the buildings. Zhao and
Lam (2008) studied the effect of mutual presence on 5
square plan shaped buildings arranged in L- and T-
shape patterns with a variation in spacing amongst the
buildings and the wind direction. Kim et al. (2011)
carried out wind tunnel studies to understand the
interference effects on local peak pressures on a
square plan shape tall building due to the presence of
an interfering building having a similar shape with a
variation in wind direction, location and height of the
interfering building. Kushal (2013) had conducted
wind tunnel experiments to study the effect of
interference on rectangular plan shape tall building
due to the presence of a square plan shape tall
building by varying the spacing amongst the buildings
arranged in L- and T- shape patterns. Pandey (2013)
studied the effect of presence of two square plan
shape tall buildings on a similar plan shape principal
building with a variation in wind direction and
spacing of the buildings. Mara et al. (2014) undertook
wind tunnel experiments to study the aerodynamic
and peak response interference factors on square plan
shape buildings due to the presence of another
identical building at different upstream positions. Yan
and Li (2016) carried out Wind tunnel experiments to
understand the interference effects between identical
tall buildings with aerodynamic modifications by
varying the location of the interfering building. Going
through the literature it can be observed that the wind
loads are greatly affected by the relative dimensions
and location of the buildings. However, it can be
observed that no research is available for interference
studies on commonly used rectangular plan shape tall
buildings due to the presence of closely located two