e294
The evaluation of burn wound depth is of crucial
importance for the correct choice of treatment.
1,2
Besides being imperfect, the most frequently used
clinical evaluation is based mostly on qualitative visual
inspection; however, several, at least partly, quantita-
tive diagnostic methods have been proposed recently.
Monstrey et al
3
have published an up-to-date review
of methods used in the evaluation of burn depth. The
proposed classification of diagnostic methods is 1)
clinical evaluation; 2) histopathology of local biopsy
as a reference method; 3) methods based on the
evaluation of microcirculation in the burn wound,
eg, thermography, laser Doppler imaging, and other
methods
4,5
; and 4) a group of research methods, such
as optical, medical ultrasonography and photoacoustic
and nuclear imaging.
6,7
Since 2008, articles devoted
to the development of the laser Doppler imaging
method have been the most frequently published.
8–11
This article is devoted to the new method called active
dynamic thermography (ADT), allowing quantitative
evaluation of a burn wound depth based on tissue
thermal properties changed by burn.
The research teams at the Biomedical Engineer-
ing Department of Gdansk University of Technology
and the Plastic Surgery Department of Gdansk Med-
ical University have been working together in the
field of infrared (IR) thermal imaging for the eval-
uation of burn wound depths for many years.
12–14
Previous publications by this group have evaluated
the use of static thermography (ST) and ADT, the
latter with the use of heat excitation.
13,14
The results
of this research have concluded that the ADT tech-
nique is a useful, quantitative method for evaluation
of burn wound depth, enabling the prediction ability
of self-healing within 3 weeks. This is an important
modern criterion in selecting the correct method of
treatment. In particular, it is important to highlight
the simplicity of the ADT method, short examina-
tion time, noncontact, and fully aseptic procedure.
15
Recently, we discussed the diagnostic value of
ST,
12
where the basic figure of merit, ΔT, namely
Copyright © 2014 by the American Burn Association
1559-047X/2014
DOI: 10.1097/BCR.0000000000000059
The aim of this study was to find the relationship between active dynamic thermography
(ADT) with cold excitation and burn depth. This new modality of evaluation of burns seems
to be an attractive proposal for quantitative classification, allowing proper choice of burn
wound treatment: conservative or surgical, especially compared with static thermography.
The work was an in vivo experiment on domestic pigs, and a small number of patients were
also diagnosed as part of the study. Statistical analysis showed a high correlation between
the ADT synthetic parameter—thermal time constant, τ—and the classification of burn
wounds that were predicted to heal within 3 weeks and so were treated conservatively and
those that were predicted to not heal within 3 weeks and so were surgically treated. The
results of the study show an accuracy of 60.7% for clinical evaluation, 69.6% for static
thermography, 83.0% for ADT, and 84.0% for histopathologic assessment. The authors
have concluded that the ADT method with cold excitation is suitable for the qualitative
and quantitative assessment of burn depth. (J Burn Care Res 2014;35:e294–e303)
From the *Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical University
of Gdansk, Poland; †Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Gdansk University of Technology, Poland; ‡Department of Patho-
morphology, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland; and §West
Pomeranian Burns and Plastic Surgery Center, Gryfice, Poland.
Address correspondence to Alicja Renkielska, MD, Department
of Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Marii
Sklodowskiej-Curie 3A, 80 210 Gdansk, Poland.
Active Dynamic Infrared Thermal Imaging in Burn
Depth Evaluation
Alicja Renkielska, MD, DSc,* Mariusz Kaczmarek, PhD, El. Eng,†
Antoni Nowakowski, PhD, DSc, El. Eng,† Jacek Grudziński, MD, PhD,*
Piotr Czapiewski, MD, PhD,‡ Andrzej Krajewski, MD, PhD,§
Irena Grobelny, MD, PhD*
ORIGINAL ARTICLE