POPULATION DATA Population genetic data of 30 insertion–deletion markers in Punjabi population of Pakistan Muhammad Shahzad 1 & Manzoor Hussain 1 & Muhammad Shafique 2 & Rukhsana Perveen 1 & Nadeem Sheikh 1 Received: 20 November 2018 /Accepted: 14 February 2019 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract Insertion–deletion polymorphism (Indels) is valuable diallelic markers for forensic as well as parentage analysis. The Investigator DIPplex Kit (Qiagen) contains thirty autosomal Indels markers along with amelogenin. These thirty markers were tested in the Pakistani Punjabi Population but no significant deviations were observed from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium rule expectations (Bonferroni corrected) except HLD58, HLD56, HLD99, and HLD40. The mean expected and observed heterozygosity was found 0.4701 and 0.4667 respectively; combined matching probability was computed as 7.31867 × 10 -13 . However, the use of the 30 Indels markers proved to be a good supplementary tool in forensic casework, particularly when evidence sample is highly degraded. The significant genetic differences were also observed between the Punjabi and other populations of the world. Keywords Indels . Forensic parameters . Punjabi population . Pakistan The insertion–deletion polymorphism (Indels) constitutes about 20% of genetic variations which is widely strewed in human genome [1]. The Indels are diallelic in nature like SNPs which can be genotyped like STRs. The profound prop- erties of Indels like low mutation rate, short amplicon size (50 to 160 bp), and capacity to amplify large number of loci si- multaneously in a multiplex PCR reaction make them highly suitable for degraded samples. The use of fluorescently la- beled primers and capillary electrophoresis emphasize the easy working of system [2]. The Indels could also be a good choice for population studies, parentage testing, missing per- son identification, and ancient DNA analysis. Blood samples of 260 healthy unrelated individuals were collected from the native Punjabi population of Pakistan after obtaining their written consent and ethical approval of the committee of Centre for Applied Molecular Biology. The genomic DNA was extracted by organic extraction procedure followed by purification through Microcon®YM-100 (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) [3, 4]. The amount of DNA was ascertained by using Quantifiler™ Human DNA Quantification Kit on a 7500 Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems). The amplification was carried out by using Investigator DIPplex Kit (Qiagen, Germany) in PCR System 9700 (Applied Biosystems, USA) as per recommendations of the kit manufacturer than amplified PCR products were separated on ABI 3130xl Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems). The collected data was analyzed by GeneMapper ID v3.2 and DIPsorter softwares. Genetic diversity, allele frequencies, heterozygosity, and devia- tions from Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) were cal- culated using PowerMarker v3.25 [5]. The Forensic infor- mativeness was estimated by calculating discrimination power (DP), match probability (MP), polymorphism in- formation content (PIC), typical paternity index (TPI), and power of paternity exclusion (PE) by using Powerstats v1.2 spreadsheet [6]. The comparison among different populations based on their genetic distances was performed by means of Arlequin v 3.0 software [7]. The probability values for Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium test for 26 Indels loci ranged from 0.0551 (HLD97) to 0.8994 (HLD48). The most significant deviations were Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-019-02029-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Muhammad Shahzad shahzad.camb@pu.edu.pk 1 Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 53700, Pakistan 2 Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 53700, Pakistan International Journal of Legal Medicine https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-019-02029-w