2022 International Conference on Machine Learning, Big Data, Cloud and Parallel Computing (COM-IT-CON), 26-27 May 2022. 978-1-6654-9602-5/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE 380 Energy Efficient Routing Protocols for WSN in IOT: A Survey Bhawna Ahlawat 1 , Anil Sangwan 2 1,2 UIET ECE, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 1 bhawna.rs.ahlawat@mdurohtak.ac.in 2 anilsangwan.uiet@mdurohtak.ac.in Abstract— WSN has an extensive span of applications in several fields, be it in medical science, agriculture, telecommunications, etc. The currently rising applications of this are in the field of IOT, which lets interconnection of several things via the internet. Every technology that undergoes evolution comes up with many problems, and so are these. But restricted power of the battery is crucial for WSNs that in turn influences the longevity of the network. Clustering has unveiled noteworthy improvements to increase energy efficiency by increasing network’s lifetime. On the basis of clustering of nodes in WSN, hierarchical routing is considered a successful method in achieving a network that is much more energy-efficient. This paper provides an understanding of clustering besides various hierarchical routing protocols that have been used in WSN- IOT to enhance the performance of networks. Keywords— WSN, IOT, LEACH, TEEN, SEP I. INTRODUCTION The revolution of IOT(Internet Of Things)[1], [2], [3] grasps noteworthy brilliant promises to upgrade the quality of life. Data! Data! Data! We want on-the-spot data in every facet of our existence. Cisco foresees [4] that around 500 million devices will be linked to the internet by 2030. Also, 127 new objects get connected to the internet every second. This extension is the effect of increasing installations of IOT systems that provide a broad diversification of applications and services. The accomplishment of these IOT systems relies mainly on vigorous middleware that handles the complexity of sensors, actuators, devices, and data constantly. The IOT applications have progressively made their existence noticeable in almost each and every field [5]. Demonstration of the massive number of extensive applications in IOT is shown in Fig. 1. In today's world, every field has been shifting close to link things to walk at the pace of the world, be it education, healthcare, home, vehicles, etc. Education, unlike in the traditional way, is now more connected with interconnected classrooms and technology. Additionally, this IOT technology turns out to be a significant blessing for many impaired scholars. IOT network has a framework that comprises three layers, that is, thing layer, middle/edge layer, and cloud layer. The first one, which is a thing layer, carries a large number of end nodes like sensors, actuators, wearable devices, and connected vehicles. The next layer is the edge layer that connects the resource-restrained devices to cloud computing resources that are resource affluent [6]. This layer takes in tablets, computers, smartphones, Raspberry pi, controllers, etc. Thereafter the topmost layer is the cloud layer which processes an enormous amount of information and is more potent than the edge layer, no matter how the cloud and thing layer are separated from each other at a wide-reaching geographical distance. Fig 1.Depiction of numerous IOT applications The remaining work is assembled as Section II reviews the brief concept of WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) IOT, Section III comprehensively analyses interrelated work along with the table of comparison, Section IV and Section V gives an insight into clustering and various hierarchical routing protocols respectively and at end Section VI deduces conclusion and future scope. II. WSN IOT With the invention of IOT, WSN, and new technologies, the world has become more interconnected. The WSN-IOT system works with integrated devices and thus works smartly by supporting information gathered by embedded sensors and actuators in machines and physical devices [7]. Routing plays an indispensable part in energy-restricted WSN based applications [8]. The IOT model makes sure that computers retrieve information without the need for interaction with human beings. Security of IOT has gained wide importance over a while because of IOT being widely used in numerous fields. As more and more smart objects are being deployed today, the IOT is expected to have greater effects in the nearby future. The two remarkable technologies that are considered standard in IOT are WSN and RFID (Radio Frequency 2022 International Conference on Machine Learning, Big Data, Cloud and Parallel Computing (COM-IT-CON) | 978-1-6654-9602-5/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/COM-IT-CON54601.2022.9850649 Authorized licensed use limited to: Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram Univ of Sci & Tech SONEPAT. Downloaded on September 09,2022 at 10:50:20 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.