IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684,p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume 16, Issue 5 Ser. III (Sep. - Oct. 2019), PP 41-51 www.iosrjournals.org DOI: 10.9790/1684-1605034151 www.iosrjournals.org 41 | Page Monitoring on Surface Water Quality of Balasore District, Odisha [A Case Study] Dr.Bhagirathi Tripathy 1 , Abhijeet Das 2 1 Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, IGIT, Sarang, Odisha. 2 Assistant Professor (Consolidated), Civil Engineering Department, IGIT, Sarang, Odisha. Corresponding Author: Dr.Bhagirathi Tripathy Abstract: The present study was carried out to determine the water quality status of Subarnarekha River at Balasore region. Water samples were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters by following standard methods (APHA 1985) and the results showed their variations as follows: pH 7.3-7.8,Temperature 26.7-28.2 0 C, Electrical Conductivity 392-514 μ mho ,Total suspended solids 118-148 mg/l, Total dissolved solids 241-285 mg/l, Alkalinity 27.3-42 mg/l, Total Hardness 64.63-114.06 mg/l, Calcium 24.6-32 mg/l, Magnesium 9.72-13.8 mg/l, Dissolved Oxygen 4.6-5.3 mg/l, Biochemical oxygen demand 1.1-3.39 mg/l, Chemical oxygen demand 53- 147 mg/l, Nitrates 0.4-1.06 mg/l, Phosphates 0.86-2.4 mg/l, Sulphates 113-143 mg/l, Chlorides 26.32-36.63 mg/l, Iron 0.224-0.464 mg/l, Chromium 0.008-0.016 mg/l. The analyzedphysico-chemical parameters were almost not exceeded the maximum permissible limit of Indian standards (IS: 10500). The water quality at Rajghat conforms to class-C inland surface water. Bio monitoring studies reveals that the river stretch at Rajghat is in a state of slight to moderate pollution. In terms of wholesomeness the water quality satisfies the criteria for the ‘desirable’ class with respect to all the parameters except fecal coliform and TKN, in respect of which the water is below acceptable quantity. After physico-chemical analysis, water quality index (WQI) was established from twelve important various physiochemical parameters by following weighted arithmetic index method. The calculated water quality index indicates that the quality of water was good and hence fit for use. Keywords: Subarnarekha River, Balasore, Physico-chemical parameters, Water quality index. (WQI). --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 07-10-2019 Date of Acceptance: 23-10-2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. Introduction Water quality is a complex subject, which involves physical, chemical, hydrological and biological characteristics of water and their complex and delicate relations. From the user's point of view, the term "water quality" is defined as "those physical, chemical or biological characteristics of water by which the user evaluates the acceptability of water". For example for drinking water should be pure, wholesome, and potable. Similarly, for irrigation dissolved solids and toxicants are important, for outdoor bathing pathogens are important and water quality is controlled accordingly. The requirements for utilizing available water resources (Surface and ground) in a judicious and equitable as well as sound economic manner are outlined in the State Water Policy. Clause 7 of water Policy- 2007 for the state odisha emphasizes upon monitoring of both surface and ground water quality and sharing of information among the data users group [1]. The State of Odisha is located in the southeastern part of India, between 17°31´ and 22°27´N Latitude and 81°27´ and 87°30´E Longitude with a population of 36.7 million (2001 census). The annual overall availability of surface water in odisha is about 85.89 billion cubic meters. The state has 11% of the water resources of the country. The per capita availability of water in 2001 was 2259 cubic meters. With increasing population and the consequential increase in demand for food and water and with the growth in mining and industrial activities, the demand for water from various sectors in next twenty years will have significant impact on the per capita availability of water. Further, the degradation in quality of water resources by direct and indirect human interference such as discharge of untreated/ partially treated industrial and municipal waste water will make the resource scarce. It is therefore imperative to manage this resource as rationally and efficiently as possible to make it sustainable. State Pollution Control Board, Odisha monitors the water quality of nine rivers of Odisha under National Water Quality Monitoring Programme (NWMP) of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). CPCB is an apex body in the field of water quality management in India and provides technical and financial support for water quality monitoring programmes conducted by State Pollution Control Boards.