1 3
Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)
DOI 10.1007/s00531-014-1085-7
ORIGINAL PAPER
Geometry of laccolith margins: 2D and 3D models of the Late
Paleozoic Halle Volcanic Complex (Germany)
T. Schmiedel · C. Breitkreuz · I. Görz · B.-C. Ehling
Received: 3 February 2014 / Accepted: 13 October 2014
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
was essential. A major finding of the 3D modelling is the
presence of prolate sediment rafts, up to 1,400 m in length
and up to 500 m in thickness, surrounded by Landsberg
rhyolite. The sedimentary rafts dip away from the lacco-
lith centre. The engulfing laccolith sheets reach thickness
of 100–300 m. For other HVC laccolith units (Löbejün,
Petersberg, Brachstedt), well data reveal vertical rhyolite/
sediment contacts or magma lobes fingering into the host
sediments. HVC laccolith contact textures include small-
scale shearing of the intruding magma and of the host sedi-
ment. In addition, internal shear zones have been detected
inside the rhyolite bodies. The present study suggests
that the emplacement of successive magma sheets was an
important process during laccolith growth in the HVC.
Keywords GOCAD© · Well data · Magma sheet
emplacement · Porphyritic rhyolite
Introduction
Traditionally, subvolcanic complexes have been in the
focus of geological interest either as important factor in
geological basin development or for their genetic link with
economic resources/deposits. For the understanding of
both, the geometry and dimensions of these complexes are
the key elements. Three-dimensional modelling of basaltic
sill complexes has been carried out based on seismic data
of hydrocarbon plays, e.g. in the North Atlantic (Thom-
son and Schofield 2008). The geometry of sills and lacco-
liths, among others their aspect ratio (height by length), is
strongly controlled by composition and thus by viscosity,
and by magma volume (Bunger and Cruden 2011).
The emplacement of laccoliths and the mode of vertical
inflation are still a matter of debate. As one end member,
Abstract Well data and core samples from the Late
Paleozoic Halle Volcanic Complex (HVC) have been used
to describe the geometry of the rhyolitic porphyritic lac-
coliths and their margins. The HVC formed between 301
and 292 Ma in the intramontane Saale basin, and it com-
prises mainly rhyolitic subvolcanic bodies (~300 km
3
) as
well as minor lava flows and volcaniclastic deposits. The
major HVC laccolith units display aspect ratios ranging
between 0.04 and 0.07, and they are separated by tilted
and deformed Carboniferous–Permian host sediments. For
the margin of the Landsberg laccolith, a major coarsely
porphyritic unit of the HVC, an exceptional data set of 63
wells concentrated in an area of 10 km
2
reaching to depth
of 710 m exists. It was used to explore the 3D geometry
and textures, and to deduce an intrusion model. For a 3D
visualization of the Landsberg laccolith margin, Geologi-
cal Object Computer Aided Design; Paradigm
®
software
(GOCAD) was used. Curve objects have been derived from
the intrusion–host contacts. Automated GOCAD
®
methods
for 3D modelling failed. As a result, manual refinement
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this
article (doi:10.1007/s00531-014-1085-7) contains supplementary
material, which is available to authorized users.
T. Schmiedel (*) · C. Breitkreuz
Geology Department, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg,
Germany
e-mail: tobiasschmiedel@web.de
I. Görz
Geophysics and Geoinformatics Department, TU Bergakademie
Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany
B.-C. Ehling
Sachsen-Anhalt State Survey for Geology and Mining, Halle,
Germany