International Journal of Social Science Research
eISSN: 2710-6276 | Vol. 2, No. 1, 35-47, 2020
http://myjms.moe.gov.my/index.php/ijssr
35
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International Journal of Social Science Research
eISSN: 2710-6276 [Vol. 2 No. 1, March 2020]
http://myjms.moe.gov.my/index.php/ijssr
PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE MALAY VERSION
OF PERCEIVED DISCRIMINATION SCALE AMONG GAY
MEN AND LESBIANS IN MALAYSIA
Syarifah Mastura Syed Abu Bakar
1
, Mohd Firdaus Ninam Shah
2*
and Azlin Alwi
3
1 2
Faculty of Business, Communication and Law, INTI International University, Nilai, MALAYSIA
3
Kuliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia,
Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA
*Corresponding author: mohdfirdaus.ninam@newinti.edu.my
Article Information:
Article history:
Received date : 30 November 2019
Revised date : 10 December 2019
Accepted date : 26 February 2020
Published date : 12 March 2020
To cite this document:
Syed Abu Bakar, S., Ninam Shah, M., &
Alwi, A. (2020). PSYCHOMETRIC
PROPERTIES OF THE MALAY
VERSION OF PERCEIVED
DISCRIMINATION SCALE AMONG
GAY MEN AND LESBIANS IN
MALAYSIA. International Journal Of
Social Science Research, 2(1), 35-47.
Abstract: Gay men and lesbians are subjected to
discrimination that happen in their daily activities,
including in workplaces. As the results, gay and lesbian
were reported experience higher levels of anxiety and
depression, as well as lower levels of life satisfaction. This
is not much different for gay men and lesbians in Malaysia
as reported in several qualitative studies. While there were
several ways used to measure discrimination
quantitatively among these populations in the past studies,
however, there is no a valid and reliable scale available in
Malay language for assessing the same purpose. With that
in mind, the present study aims to validate and document
the psychometric properties of Malay translated Perceived
Discrimination Scale (Noh & Kaspar, 2003) among
sample of Malaysian gay men and lesbians. This study
commenced with Forward-Backward translations and was
followed by content and face validities. Subsequently, a
cross-sectional study was conducted among Malaysian
gay men and lesbians (n=79) for the purpose of construct
and factorial validations. Later, construct and factorial
validity was performed via Exploratory Factor Analysis
using Principal Component Analysis with Varimax
rotation. Finally, reliability testing was performed to
determine the internal consistency of the items which was
achieved using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient method (α).
The factor loading consisted of two factors with a total
variance of 72.42%. The internal consistency value of the