TEM Journal. Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages 2001-2006, ISSN 2217-8309, DOI: 10.18421/TEM104-66, November 2021.
TEM Journal – Volume 10 / Number 4 / 2021. 2001
Economic Feasibility Study on PV/Wind
Hybrid Microgrids for Indonesia
Remote Island Application
Syafii Syafii
1
, Pinto Anugrah
1
, Heru Dibyo Laksono
1
, Herris Yamashika
2
1
Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
2
Electrical Engineering Department, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat, Bukit Tinggi, Indonesia
Abstract – This paper presents the economic
feasibility of hybrid microgrid power system for three
remote islands of Sumatra, Indonesia. The microgrid
system simulated and analysed using Homer Pro
software. Optimization results showed that the
combination of photovoltaic (PV), diesel generation (G)
and batteries (Batt) for microgrid power system in
Mandeh and Lagundri Island area were the most
economical configuration. Meanwhile, for Mentawai
area, the combination of PV, Wind Turbine (WT), G,
Batt was the most optimal since it has higher wind
speed then the other two areas. The Mandeh area has
the highest solar radiation compared to the other two
areas, resulting in the lowest CoE of $0.096/kWh as
well as the lowest investment and operational costs. For
the fixed PV 100 kW scenario, the optimal
configuration is obtained with 86 kW supplied by WT
for the Lagundri location, and 67 kW supplied by WT
for the Mentawai area, while the WT installation area
is not recommended for Mandeh location. The power
management analysis showed that the average and
patterns of weather parameters including solar
radiation and wind speed effect both PV and Wind
electrical power production.
Keywords – economic feasibility, hybrid microgrid
system, PV/Wind and Indonesia remote application.
DOI: 10.18421/TEM104-66
https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM104-66
Corresponding author: Syafii Syafii,
Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,
Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
Email: syafii@eng.unand.ac.id
Received: 16 May 2021.
Revised: 18 October 2021.
Accepted: 25 October 2021.
Published: 26 November 2021.
© 2021 Syafii Syafii et al; published by
UIKTEN. This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs 4.0
License.
The article is published with Open Access at
www.temjournal.com
1. Introduction
The electricity supply to remote islands can
improve the socio-economic status of the
community. Today, many researches focused on
renewable energy technologies because they play
important role in improving the quality of life by
fulfilment of electricity needs and being
environmentally friendly [1], [2]. Among these
renewable energy technologies, the generation of
electrical energy from primary energy sources such
as sunlight and wind is an option that is currently
being developed and will be widely used in the future
[3], [4]. Both resources are abundant and do not
produce greenhouse gas emission [5], [6]. The
integration of renewable energy into existing energy
grids not only reduces dependence on fossil fuels but
also provides sustainable solutions for future power
generation [7].
Indonesia as one of the developing countries where
the power plant is still dominated by fossil energy-
based generators is trying to increase the use of
energy from renewable sources. Through the
National Energy Policy (NEP), Indonesia has
targeted the use of new and renewable energy by
23% in 2025 and 31% in 2050 [8]. According to the
Indonesia Energy Outlook 2016, there is about 135.5
GW installed capacity required in 2025, and 45.2
GW will be coming from renewables [9]. Therefore,
research that analysed the use of renewable energy in
various regions in Indonesia is urgent to be done.
Indonesia is an archipelago country and is crossed
by the equator [10], has natural beauty and
abundance of solar [11] and small wind speed energy
potential [12]. The beauty of Lagundri beach in the
Nias archipelago, Mandeh island resort and beaches
in the Mentawai islands are the main attractions for
both foreign tourists and domestic tourists. The
islands of Nias, Mentawai and Mandeh are priorities
for the development of electricity access because of
the potential for beautiful tourism sites. Therefore,
these three areas were taken in this study as a case
study location for the development of a hybrid